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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>55148</law_id><section_number>13.1-1091</section_number><catch_line>Governing law</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>13.1-1093</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="13.1">Corporations</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="12">Virginia Limited Liability Company Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="16">Protected Series</unit></structure><text>
						<section><p>The <span class="dictionary">law</span> of the Commonwealth governs:</p></section>
						<section id="1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The internal affairs of a protected series of a series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>, including:
			a. Relations among any associated <span class="dictionary">members</span> of the protected series;
			b. Relations among the protected series and (i) any associated <span class="dictionary">member</span>, (ii) the <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span>, or (iii) any <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span>;
			c. Relations between any associated <span class="dictionary">member</span> and (i) the <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> or (ii) any <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span>;
			d. The rights and duties of a <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span>;
			e. Governance decisions affecting the activities and affairs of the protected series and the conduct of those activities and affairs; and
			f. Procedures and conditions for becoming an associated <span class="dictionary">member</span> or <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span>; <a id="paragraph-202192" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1091/#1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="2"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The relations between a protected series of a series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> and each of the following:
			a. The series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>;
			b. Another protected series of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>;
			c. A <span class="dictionary">member</span> of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> that is not an associated <span class="dictionary">member</span> of the protected series;
			d. A <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> that is not a <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> of the protected series; and
			e. A <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span> that is not a <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span> of the protected series; <a id="paragraph-202193" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1091/#2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="3"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> The liability of a <span class="dictionary">person</span> for a debt, obligation, or other liability of a protected series of a series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> if the debt, obligation, or liability is asserted solely by reason of the <span class="dictionary">person</span> being or acting as:
			a. An associated <span class="dictionary">member</span>, <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span>, or <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> of the protected series;
			b. A <span class="dictionary">member</span> of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> that is not an associated <span class="dictionary">member</span> of the protected series;
			c. A <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> that is not a <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> of the protected series;
			d. A <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span> that is not a <span class="dictionary">protected series assignee</span> of the protected series;
			e. A manager of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>; or
			f. An assignee of a <span class="dictionary">membership interest</span> of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>; <a id="paragraph-202194" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1091/#3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="4"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The liability of a series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> for a debt, obligation, or other liability of a protected series of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> if the debt, obligation, or liability is asserted solely by reason of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>:
			a. Having a statement of protected series designation or a statement of designation change filed with the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>;
			b. Being or acting as a <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> of the protected series;
			c. Having the protected series be or act as a manager of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>; or
			d. Owning a protected series assignable interest of the protected series; and <a id="paragraph-202195" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1091/#4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="5"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> The liability of a protected series of a series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> for a debt, obligation, or other liability of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> or of another protected series of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> if the debt, obligation, or liability is asserted solely by reason of:
			a. The protected series: <a id="paragraph-202196" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1091/#5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="51" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Being a protected series of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> or having as a <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> or another protected series of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>; or <a id="paragraph-202197" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1091/#51"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="52" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Being or acting as a <span class="dictionary">protected series manager</span> of another protected series of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> or a manager of the series <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>; or
				b. The company owning a <span class="dictionary">protected series membership interest</span> of the protected series. <a id="paragraph-202198" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1091/#52"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2019, c. 636.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
