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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>59334</law_id><section_number>13.1-1228</section_number><catch_line>Trustee management; limitation on duties and liabilities of others</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="13.1">Corporations</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="14">Virginia Business Trust Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="5">Trustees</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> Except to the extent otherwise provided in the <span class="dictionary">articles of trust</span> or in the <span class="dictionary">governing instrument</span> of a <span class="dictionary">business trust</span>, the <span class="dictionary">trustees</span> shall choose and supervise the officers and employees of the <span class="dictionary">business trust</span>, and the business and affairs of the <span class="dictionary">business trust</span> shall be managed under the direction of the <span class="dictionary">trustees</span>. <a id="paragraph-217498" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1228/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Except to the extent provided in the <span class="dictionary">governing instrument</span> of a <span class="dictionary">business trust</span>, neither the power to give direction to a <span class="dictionary">trustee</span> or other <span class="dictionary">persons</span> nor the exercise by any <span class="dictionary">person</span> of a direction, including a <span class="dictionary">beneficial owner</span>, shall cause that <span class="dictionary">person</span> to have duties, including fiduciary duties, or liabilities relating to the <span class="dictionary">business trust</span> or to a <span class="dictionary">beneficial owner</span>, or cause any such <span class="dictionary">person</span> to be a <span class="dictionary">trustee</span>. <a id="paragraph-217499" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1228/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2002, c. 621.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
