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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>63857</law_id><section_number>13.1-1229</section_number><catch_line>Trustee standards of conduct; trustee liability; restrictions on liability limitations in governing instrument</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="13.1">Corporations</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="14">Virginia Business Trust Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="5">Trustees</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> A <span class="dictionary">trustee</span> shall discharge his duties as a <span class="dictionary">trustee</span> in accordance with the standards of conduct provided for directors of a Virginia corporation pursuant to &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="General standards of conduct for director" href="/13.1-690/">13.1-690</a> and <a class="law" title="Director conflict of interests" href="/13.1-691/">13.1-691</a>. <a id="paragraph-232596" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1229/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Subject to the provisions of subsection C, and except to the extent otherwise provided in the <span class="dictionary">articles of trust</span> or in the <span class="dictionary">governing instrument</span> of a <span class="dictionary">business trust</span>, a <span class="dictionary">trustee</span>, when acting in such capacity, is not personally liable to any <span class="dictionary">person</span> other than the <span class="dictionary">business trust</span> or a <span class="dictionary">beneficial owner</span> for any act, omission, or obligation of the <span class="dictionary">business trust</span> or any <span class="dictionary">trustee</span>. <a id="paragraph-232597" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1229/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> A <span class="dictionary">trustee</span> or officer of a <span class="dictionary">business trust</span> shall have no liability to the <span class="dictionary">business trust</span> or a <span class="dictionary">beneficial owner</span> for any act or omission greater than that of directors or officers of a Virginia corporation to the corporation as provided in Chapter 9 (&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Short title" href="/13.1-601/">13.1-601</a> et seq.) of this title, including any elimination of liability provided for in the <span class="dictionary">articles of trust</span> or <span class="dictionary">governing instrument</span>. <a id="paragraph-232598" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1229/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2002, c. 621.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
