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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>75553</law_id><section_number>13.1-503</section_number><catch_line>Unlawful advice</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>13.1-522</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="13.1">Corporations</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="5">Securities Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="2">Unlawful Practices</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> It shall be unlawful for any person who receives directly or indirectly any consideration from another person primarily for advising such other person as to the value of securities or their purchase or sale, whether through the issuance of analyses or reports or otherwise, <a id="paragraph-271413" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> To employ any device, scheme, or artifice to defraud such other person, <a id="paragraph-271414" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#A1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> To engage in any transaction, practice, or course of business which operates or would operate as a <span class="dictionary">fraud</span> or deceit upon such other person, <a id="paragraph-271415" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#A2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Acting as principal for his own account, knowingly to sell any security to or purchase any security from a client, or acting as broker for a person other than such client, knowingly to effect any sale or purchase of any security for the account of such client, without disclosing to such client in writing before the completion of such transaction the capacity in which he is acting and obtaining the consent of the client to such transaction. The prohibitions of this subdivision shall not apply to any transaction with a customer of a broker-dealer if such broker-dealer is not acting as an investment advisor in relation to such transaction, or <a id="paragraph-271416" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#A3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> To engage in dishonest or unethical practices as the Commission may define by rule. <a id="paragraph-271417" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#A4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> In the solicitation of advisory clients, it shall be unlawful for any person to make any untrue statement of a <span class="dictionary">material</span> <span class="dictionary">fact</span>, or omit to state a <span class="dictionary">material</span> <span class="dictionary">fact</span> necessary in <span class="dictionary">order</span> to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. <a id="paragraph-271418" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Except as may be permitted by rule or <span class="dictionary">order</span> of the Commission, it shall be unlawful for any investment advisor to enter into, extend, or renew any investment advisory <span class="dictionary">contract</span> unless it provides in writing: <a id="paragraph-271419" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> That the investment advisor shall not be compensated on the basis of a share of capital gains upon or capital appreciation of the funds or any portion of the funds of the client; <a id="paragraph-271420" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#C1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> That no <span class="dictionary">assignment</span> of the <span class="dictionary">contract</span> may be made by the investment advisor without the consent of the other <span class="dictionary">party</span> to the <span class="dictionary">contract</span>; and <a id="paragraph-271421" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#C2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> That the investment advisor, if a partnership, shall notify the other <span class="dictionary">party</span> to the <span class="dictionary">contract</span> of any change in the membership of the partnership within a reasonable time after the change. <a id="paragraph-271422" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#C3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> Subdivision 1 of subsection C of this section shall not prohibit an investment advisory <span class="dictionary">contract</span> which provides for compensation based upon the total value of a fund averaged over a definite period, or as of definite dates or taken as of a definite date. <a id="paragraph-271423" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Assignment</span>&#x201D; as used in subdivision 2 of subsection C of this section includes any direct or indirect transfer or hypothecation of an investment advisory <span class="dictionary">contract</span> by the assignor or of a controlling block of the assignor&#x2019;s outstanding voting securities by a security holder of the assignor. If the investment advisory is a partnership, no <span class="dictionary">assignment</span> of an investment advisory <span class="dictionary">contract</span> is considered to result from the death of withdrawal of a minority of the members of the investment advisor having only a minority interest in the business of the investment advisor, or from the admission to the investment advisor of one or more members who, after admission, will be only a minority of the members and will have only a minority interest in the business. <a id="paragraph-271424" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F"><p><span class="prefix-number">F.</span> The Commission may by rule or <span class="dictionary">order</span> adopt exemptions from subdivision 3 of subsection A and subdivisions 1, 2 and 3 of subsection C of this section where such exemptions are consistent with the public interest and within the purposes fairly intended by the policy and provisions of this chapter. <a id="paragraph-271425" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-503/#F"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1956, c. 428; 1987, c. 678.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
