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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>66418</law_id><section_number>13.1-660.2</section_number><catch_line>Remote participation in shareholders&amp;#8217; meetings</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>13.1-628</reference><reference>13.1-654</reference><reference>13.1-655</reference><reference>13.1-658</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="13.1">Corporations</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="9">Virginia Stock Corporation Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="8">Shareholders</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> <span class="dictionary">Shareholders</span> of any class or series of <span class="dictionary">shares</span> may participate in any meeting of <span class="dictionary">shareholders</span> by means of remote communication to the extent the board of directors authorizes such participation for such class or series. Participation as a <span class="dictionary">shareholder</span> by means of remote communication shall be subject to such guidelines and procedures as the board of directors adopts. <a id="paragraph-241092" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-660.2/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> <span class="dictionary">Shareholders</span> participating in a <span class="dictionary">shareholders</span>&#x2019; meeting by means of remote communication shall be deemed present and may vote at such a meeting if the <span class="dictionary">corporation</span> has implemented reasonable measures to: <a id="paragraph-241093" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-660.2/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Verify that each <span class="dictionary">person</span> participating remotely as a <span class="dictionary">shareholder</span> is a <span class="dictionary">shareholder</span> or a <span class="dictionary">shareholder</span>&#x2019;s proxy; and <a id="paragraph-241094" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-660.2/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Provide such <span class="dictionary">shareholders</span> a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the <span class="dictionary">shareholders</span>, including an opportunity to read or hear the <span class="dictionary">proceedings</span> of the meeting, substantially concurrently with such <span class="dictionary">proceedings</span>. <a id="paragraph-241095" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-660.2/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Unless the <span class="dictionary">articles of incorporation</span> or bylaws require the meeting of <span class="dictionary">shareholders</span> to be held at a place, the board of directors may determine that any meeting of <span class="dictionary">shareholders</span> shall not be held at any place and shall instead be held solely by means of remote communication in conformity with subsection B. <a id="paragraph-241096" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-660.2/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2010, c. 782; 2017, c. 646; 2019, c. 734.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
