At the next general election of state officers after (i) the town is declared to be a city and (ii) the regular term of office of the existing municipal officers expires, to be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November, when similar officers are elected for other cities, a treasurer, a sheriff, an attorney for the Commonwealth, a clerk of the circuit court, and other officers elected by the qualified voters whose election is not otherwise provided for by law shall be elected. The terms of office of such officers shall begin on January 1 following their election and continue in accordance with § 24.2-217 as applicable to such elections and until their respective successors have been elected and qualify. The commissioner of revenue shall be elected or appointed as the general law directs.