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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>62047</law_id><section_number>16.1-291</section_number><catch_line>Revocation or modification of probation, protective supervision or parole; proceedings; disposition</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>16.1-285</reference><reference>16.1-293</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="16.1">Courts Not of Record</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="11">Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="10">Probation and Parole</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> A juvenile or person who violates an <span class="dictionary">order</span> of the <span class="dictionary">juvenile court</span> entered into pursuant to &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Abused, neglected, or abandoned children or children without parental care" href="/16.1-278.2/">16.1-278.2</a> through <a class="law" title="Traffic infractions" href="/16.1-278.10/">16.1-278.10</a> or &#xA7; <a class="law" title="When adult sentenced for juvenile offense" href="/16.1-284/">16.1-284</a>, who violates the conditions of his <span class="dictionary">probation</span> granted pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Children in need of supervision" href="/16.1-278.5/">16.1-278.5</a> or <a class="law" title="Delinquent juveniles" href="/16.1-278.8/">16.1-278.8</a>, or who violates the conditions of his <span class="dictionary">parole</span> granted pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Duration of commitments" href="/16.1-285/">16.1-285</a>, <a class="law" title="Commitment of serious offenders" href="/16.1-285.1/">16.1-285.1</a> or <a class="law" title="Supervision of juvenile or person during commitment and on parole; placing juvenile in halfway house" href="/16.1-293/">16.1-293</a>, may be proceeded against for a <span class="dictionary">revocation</span> or modification of such <span class="dictionary">order</span> or <span class="dictionary">parole</span> status. A proceeding to revoke or modify <span class="dictionary">probation</span>, protective supervision or <span class="dictionary">parole</span> shall be commenced by the filing of a <span class="dictionary">petition</span>. Except as otherwise provided, such <span class="dictionary">petitions</span> shall be screened, reviewed and prepared in the same manner and shall contain the same information as provided in &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Intake; petition; investigation" href="/16.1-260/">16.1-260</a> and <a class="law" title="Form and content of petition" href="/16.1-262/">16.1-262</a>. The <span class="dictionary">petition</span> shall recite the date that the juvenile or person was placed on <span class="dictionary">probation</span>, under protective supervision or on <span class="dictionary">parole</span> and shall state the time and manner in which notice of the terms of <span class="dictionary">probation</span>, protective supervision or <span class="dictionary">parole</span> were given. <a id="paragraph-226425" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-291/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> If a juvenile or person is found to have violated a prior <span class="dictionary">order</span> of <span class="dictionary">the court</span> or the terms of <span class="dictionary">probation</span> or <span class="dictionary">parole</span>, <span class="dictionary">the court</span> may, in accordance with the provisions of &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Abused, neglected, or abandoned children or children without parental care" href="/16.1-278.2/">16.1-278.2</a> through <a class="law" title="Traffic infractions" href="/16.1-278.10/">16.1-278.10</a>, upon a <span class="dictionary">revocation</span> or modification <span class="dictionary">hearing</span>, modify or extend the terms of the <span class="dictionary">order</span> of <span class="dictionary">probation</span> or <span class="dictionary">parole</span>, including termination of <span class="dictionary">probation</span> or <span class="dictionary">parole</span>. However, notwithstanding the <span class="dictionary">contempt</span> power of <span class="dictionary">the court</span> as provided in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Violation of court order by any person" href="/16.1-292/">16.1-292</a>, <span class="dictionary">the court</span> shall be limited in the actions it may take to those that <span class="dictionary">the court</span> may have taken at the time of <span class="dictionary">the court</span>&#x2019;s original <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> pursuant to &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Abused, neglected, or abandoned children or children without parental care" href="/16.1-278.2/">16.1-278.2</a> through <a class="law" title="Traffic infractions" href="/16.1-278.10/">16.1-278.10</a>, except as hereinafter provided. <a id="paragraph-226426" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-291/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> In the event that a child in need of supervision is found to have willfully and materially violated an <span class="dictionary">order</span> of <span class="dictionary">the court</span> or the terms of his <span class="dictionary">probation</span> granted pursuant to &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Children in need of supervision" href="/16.1-278.5/">16.1-278.5</a>, in addition to or in lieu of the <span class="dictionary">dispositions</span> specified in that section, <span class="dictionary">the court</span> may enter any of the following <span class="dictionary">orders</span> of <span class="dictionary">disposition</span>: <a id="paragraph-226427" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-291/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Suspend the child&#x2019;s driver&#x2019;s license upon terms and conditions which may include the issuance of a restricted license for those purposes set forth in subsection E of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Probation, education, and rehabilitation of person charged or convicted; person convicted under law of another state or federal law" href="/18.2-271.1/">18.2-271.1</a>; or <a id="paragraph-226428" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-291/#C1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Order any such child fourteen years of age or older to be (i) placed in a foster home, group home or other nonsecure residential facility, or, (ii) if <span class="dictionary">the court</span> finds that such placement is not likely to meet the child&#x2019;s needs, that all other treatment options in the community have been exhausted, and that secure placement is necessary in order to meet the child&#x2019;s service needs, detained in a <span class="dictionary">secure facility</span> for a period of time not to exceed ten consecutive days for violation of any order of <span class="dictionary">the court</span> or violation of <span class="dictionary">probation</span> arising out of the same <span class="dictionary">petition</span>. <span class="dictionary">The court</span> shall state in its order for detention the basis for all <span class="dictionary">findings</span> required by this section. When any child is detained in a <span class="dictionary">secure facility</span> pursuant to this section, <span class="dictionary">the court</span> shall direct the agency evaluating the child pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Children in need of supervision" href="/16.1-278.5/">16.1-278.5</a> to reconvene the interdisciplinary team participating in such evaluation, develop further treatment plans as may be appropriate and submit its report to <span class="dictionary">the court</span> of its determination as to further treatment efforts either during or following the period the child is in secure detention. A child may only be detained pursuant to this section in a <span class="dictionary">detention home</span> or other <span class="dictionary">secure facility</span> in compliance with standards established by the <span class="dictionary">State Board</span>. Any order issued pursuant to this subsection is a <span class="dictionary">final order</span> and is appealable as provided by <span class="dictionary">law</span>. <a id="paragraph-226429" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-291/#C2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> Nothing in this section shall be construed to reclassify a child in need of supervision as a delinquent. <a id="paragraph-226430" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-291/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> If a person adjudicated delinquent and found to have violated an order of <span class="dictionary">the court</span> or the terms of his <span class="dictionary">probation</span> or <span class="dictionary">parole</span> was a juvenile at the time of the original <span class="dictionary">offense</span> and is eighteen years of age or older when <span class="dictionary">the court</span> enters <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> for violation of the order of <span class="dictionary">the court</span> or the terms of his <span class="dictionary">probation</span> or <span class="dictionary">parole</span>, the dispositional alternative specified in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="When adult sentenced for juvenile offense" href="/16.1-284/">16.1-284</a> shall be available to <span class="dictionary">the court</span>. <a id="paragraph-226431" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-291/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 16.1-188; 1956, c. 555; 1977, c. 559; 1991, c. 534; 1992, c. 90; 2001, c. 853; 2016, c. 626.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
