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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>63926</law_id><section_number>16.1-345.4</section_number><catch_line>Court review of mandatory outpatient treatment plan</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>16.1-345.3</reference><reference>16.1-345.5</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="16.1">Courts Not of Record</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="11">Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Courts</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="16">Psychiatric Treatment of Minors Act</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> The juvenile and domestic relations district court judge shall hold a <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> within 15 days after receiving the <span class="dictionary">motion</span> for review of the mandatory outpatient <span class="dictionary">treatment</span> plan; however, if the fifteenth day is a Saturday, Sunday, legal holiday, or day on which <span class="dictionary">the court</span> is lawfully closed, the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> shall be held on the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, legal holiday, or day on which <span class="dictionary">the court</span> is lawfully closed. If the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> is being detained under a temporary detention <span class="dictionary">order</span>, the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> shall be scheduled within the same time frame provided for a commitment <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Involuntary commitment; petition; hearing scheduled; notice and appointment of counsel" href="/16.1-341/">16.1-341</a>. The clerk shall provide notice of the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> to the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>, his <span class="dictionary">parents</span>, the <span class="dictionary">community services board</span>, all <span class="dictionary">treatment</span> providers listed in the comprehensive mandatory outpatient <span class="dictionary">treatment</span> <span class="dictionary">order</span>, and the original petitioner for the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s involuntary <span class="dictionary">treatment</span>. If the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> is not represented by <span class="dictionary">counsel</span>, <span class="dictionary">the judge</span> shall appoint an attorney to represent the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> in this <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> and any subsequent <span class="dictionary">hearings</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Continuation of mandatory outpatient treatment order" href="/16.1-345.5/">16.1-345.5</a>, giving consideration to appointing the attorney who represented the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> at the proceeding that resulted in the issuance of the mandatory outpatient <span class="dictionary">treatment</span> <span class="dictionary">order</span>. <span class="dictionary">The judge</span> shall also appoint a <span class="dictionary">guardian ad litem</span> for the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>. The <span class="dictionary">community services board</span> shall offer to arrange the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s transportation to the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> if the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> is not detained and has no other source of transportation. <a id="paragraph-232812" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> If requested by the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">parents</span>, the <span class="dictionary">community services board</span>, a treatment provider listed in the comprehensive mandatory outpatient treatment plan, or the original petitioner for the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s involuntary treatment, the juvenile and domestic relations district court judge may <span class="dictionary">order</span> an evaluation and appoint a <span class="dictionary">qualified evaluator</span> in accordance with &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Involuntary commitment; clinical evaluation" href="/16.1-342/">16.1-342</a> who shall personally examine the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> and certify to <span class="dictionary">the court</span> whether or not he has <span class="dictionary">probable cause</span> to believe that the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> meets the criteria for involuntary <span class="dictionary">inpatient treatment</span> or mandatory outpatient treatment as specified in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Involuntary commitment; criteria" href="/16.1-345/">16.1-345</a> and subsection A of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Mandatory outpatient treatment; criteria; orders" href="/16.1-345.2/">16.1-345.2</a>. The evaluator&#x2019;s report may be admitted into <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> without the <span class="dictionary">appearance</span> of the evaluator at the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> if not objected to by the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> or his attorney. If the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> is not detained in an inpatient facility, the <span class="dictionary">community services board</span> shall arrange for the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> to be examined at a convenient location and time. The <span class="dictionary">community services board</span> shall offer to arrange for the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s transportation to the examination, if the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> has no other source of transportation. If the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> refuses or fails to appear, the <span class="dictionary">community services board</span> shall notify <span class="dictionary">the court</span>, and <span class="dictionary">the court</span> shall <span class="dictionary">issue</span> a mandatory examination <span class="dictionary">order</span> and a civil show cause <span class="dictionary">summons</span>. The return date for the civil show cause <span class="dictionary">summons</span> shall be set on a date prior to the review <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> scheduled pursuant to subsection A, and the examination of the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> shall be conducted immediately after the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> thereon, but in no event shall the period for the examination exceed eight hours. <a id="paragraph-232813" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> If the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> fails to appear for the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span>, the juvenile and domestic relations district court judge shall, after consideration of any <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> from the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>, from his <span class="dictionary">parents</span>, from the <span class="dictionary">community services board</span>, or from any treatment provider identified in the mandatory outpatient treatment plan regarding why the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> failed to appear at the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span>, either (i) reschedule the <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> pursuant to subsection A, (ii) <span class="dictionary">issue</span> an emergency <span class="dictionary">custody</span> <span class="dictionary">order</span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Emergency custody; issuance and execution of order" href="/16.1-340/">16.1-340</a>, or (iii) <span class="dictionary">issue</span> a temporary detention <span class="dictionary">order</span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Involuntary temporary detention; issuance and execution of order" href="/16.1-340.1/">16.1-340.1</a>. <a id="paragraph-232814" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> After <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> the <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> regarding the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">material</span> noncompliance with the mandatory outpatient treatment <span class="dictionary">order</span> and the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s current condition, and any other relevant information referenced in &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Involuntary commitment; criteria" href="/16.1-345/">16.1-345</a> and subsection A of &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Mandatory outpatient treatment; criteria; orders" href="/16.1-345.2/">16.1-345.2</a>, the juvenile and domestic relations district court judge may make one of the following <span class="dictionary">dispositions</span>: <a id="paragraph-232815" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Upon <span class="dictionary">finding</span> by clear and convincing <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> that the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> meets the criteria for involuntary admission and treatment specified in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Involuntary commitment; criteria" href="/16.1-345/">16.1-345</a>, <span class="dictionary">the judge</span> shall <span class="dictionary">order</span> the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s involuntary admission to a facility designated by the <span class="dictionary">community services board</span> for a period of treatment not to exceed 30 days; <a id="paragraph-232816" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#D1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Upon <span class="dictionary">finding</span> that the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> continues to meet the criteria for mandatory outpatient treatment specified in subsection A of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Mandatory outpatient treatment; criteria; orders" href="/16.1-345.2/">16.1-345.2</a>, and that a continued period of mandatory outpatient treatment appears warranted, <span class="dictionary">the judge</span> may renew the <span class="dictionary">order</span> for mandatory outpatient treatment, making any necessary modifications that are acceptable to the <span class="dictionary">community services board</span> or treatment provider responsible for the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s treatment. In determining the appropriateness of outpatient treatment, <span class="dictionary">the court</span> may consider the <span class="dictionary">minor</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">material</span> noncompliance with the previous mandatory treatment <span class="dictionary">order</span>; or <a id="paragraph-232817" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#D2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Upon <span class="dictionary">finding</span> that neither of the above <span class="dictionary">dispositions</span> is appropriate, <span class="dictionary">the judge</span> may rescind the <span class="dictionary">order</span> for mandatory outpatient treatment.
				Upon entry of an <span class="dictionary">order</span> for involuntary inpatient admission, transportation shall be provided in accordance with &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Involuntary commitment; criteria" href="/16.1-345/">16.1-345</a>. <a id="paragraph-232818" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#D3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> For the purposes of this section, &#x201C;juvenile and domestic relations district court judge&#x201D; shall not include a special justice as authorized by &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Special justices to perform duties of judge" href="/37.2-803/">37.2-803</a>. <a id="paragraph-232819" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-345.4/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2009, cc. 455, 555; 2010, cc. 778, 825; 2014, cc. 691, 761.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
