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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>68420</law_id><section_number>16.1-69.55</section_number><catch_line>Retention of case records; limitations on enforcement of judgments; extensions</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>16.1-117</reference><reference>16.1-118</reference><reference>16.1-118.1</reference><reference>16.1-306</reference><reference>16.1-69.57</reference><reference>16.1-94.1</reference><reference>46.2-417</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="16.1">Courts Not of Record</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="4.1">District Courts</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="6">Retention and Disposition of District Court Records</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> Criminal and traffic infraction proceedings: <a id="paragraph-247738" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> In <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> and traffic infraction cases, except <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> cases under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Violation of provisions of protective orders; penalties" href="/16.1-253.2/">16.1-253.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Assault and battery against a family or household member; penalty" href="/18.2-57.2/">18.2-57.2</a>, or <a class="law" title="Violation of protective orders; penalty" href="/18.2-60.4/">18.2-60.4</a>, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> shall be retained for 10 years, including cases <span class="dictionary">sealed</span> in expungement proceedings under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="(Effective July 1, 2026) Expungement of police and court records" href="/19.2-392.2/">19.2-392.2</a>. In <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> cases under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Violation of provisions of protective orders; penalties" href="/16.1-253.2/">16.1-253.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Assault and battery against a family or household member; penalty" href="/18.2-57.2/">18.2-57.2</a>, or <a class="law" title="Violation of protective orders; penalty" href="/18.2-60.4/">18.2-60.4</a>, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> shall be retained for 20 years. In <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> cases under &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Sexual battery" href="/18.2-67.4/">18.2-67.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Infected sexual battery; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_1/">18.2-67.4:1</a>, <a class="law" title="Sexual abuse of a child under 15 years of age; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_2/">18.2-67.4:2</a>, <a class="law" title="Prostitution; commercial sexual conduct; penalties" href="/18.2-346/">18.2-346</a>, <a class="law" title="Prostitution; solicitation; commercial exploitation of a minor; penalties" href="/18.2-346.01/">18.2-346.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Keeping, residing in, or frequenting a bawdy place; &quot;bawdy place&quot; defined; penalty" href="/18.2-347/">18.2-347</a>, <a class="law" title="Aiding prostitution or illicit sexual intercourse, etc.; penalty" href="/18.2-348/">18.2-348</a>, <a class="law" title="Using vehicles to promote prostitution or unlawful sexual intercourse; penalty" href="/18.2-349/">18.2-349</a>, <a class="law" title="Taking indecent liberties with children; penalties" href="/18.2-370/">18.2-370</a>, <a class="law" title="Indecent liberties by children; penalty" href="/18.2-370.01/">18.2-370.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Production, publication, sale, possession, etc., of obscene items" href="/18.2-374/">18.2-374</a>, <a class="law" title="Unlawful creation of image of another; penalty" href="/18.2-386.1/">18.2-386.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Indecent exposure" href="/18.2-387/">18.2-387</a>, and <a class="law" title="Obscene sexual display; penalty" href="/18.2-387.1/">18.2-387.1</a>, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> shall be retained for 50 years. <span class="dictionary">Documents</span> in <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> and traffic infraction cases for which an <span class="dictionary">appeal</span> has been made shall be returned to and filed with the clerk of the appropriate <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Bail and recognizance; papers filed with circuit court" href="/16.1-135/">16.1-135</a>; <a id="paragraph-247739" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#A1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> In <span class="dictionary">felony</span> cases that are certified to the <span class="dictionary">grand jury</span>, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> shall be certified to the clerk of the appropriate <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> pursuant to &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="When accused to be discharged, tried, committed or bailed by judge" href="/19.2-186/">19.2-186</a> and <a class="law" title="To whom, and when, examination and recognizance to be certified" href="/19.2-190/">19.2-190</a>. All other <span class="dictionary">felony</span> case <span class="dictionary">documents</span> shall be handled as provided in subdivision 1; <a id="paragraph-247740" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#A2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> <span class="dictionary">Dockets</span> and indices shall be retained for 10 years. <a id="paragraph-247741" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#A3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Civil proceedings: <a id="paragraph-247742" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> All <span class="dictionary">documents</span> in civil proceedings in district court that are dismissed, including <span class="dictionary">dismissal</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Certain cases struck from dockets after certain period; reinstatement" href="/8.01-335/">8.01-335</a>, shall be retained until completion of the Commonwealth&#x2019;s audit of the <span class="dictionary">court records</span>. Notwithstanding &#xA7; <a class="law" title="When service of process is timely" href="/8.01-275.1/">8.01-275.1</a>, the clerks of the district <span class="dictionary">courts</span> may destroy <span class="dictionary">documents</span> in civil proceedings in which no <span class="dictionary">service of process</span> is had 24 months after the last return date; <a id="paragraph-247743" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> In <span class="dictionary">civil actions</span> that result in a <span class="dictionary">judgment</span>, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> in the <span class="dictionary">possession</span> of the general district court shall be retained for 10 years and, unless sooner satisfied, the <span class="dictionary">judgment</span> shall remain in force for a period of 10 years; <a id="paragraph-247744" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> In civil cases that are appealed to the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="All papers transmitted to appellate court; further proceedings" href="/16.1-112/">16.1-112</a>, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> pertaining thereto shall be transferred to the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court in accordance with those sections; <a id="paragraph-247745" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#B3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The limitations on enforcement of general district court <span class="dictionary">judgments</span> provided in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Limitations on enforcement of district court judgments" href="/16.1-94.1/">16.1-94.1</a> shall not apply if the <span class="dictionary">plaintiff</span>, prior to the expiration of that period for enforcement, pays the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court docketing and indexing fees on <span class="dictionary">judgments</span> from other <span class="dictionary">courts</span> together with any other required filing fees and <span class="dictionary">dockets</span> the judgment in the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court having <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> in the same geographic area as the general district court. However, a <span class="dictionary">judgment debtor</span> wishing to discharge a judgment pursuant to the provisions of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Satisfaction of judgment when judgment creditor cannot be located" href="/8.01-456/">8.01-456</a>, when the <span class="dictionary">judgment creditor</span> cannot be located, may, prior to the expiration of that period for enforcement, pay the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court docketing and indexing fees on <span class="dictionary">judgments</span> from other <span class="dictionary">courts</span> together with any other required filing fees and <span class="dictionary">docket</span> the judgment in the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court having <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> in the same geographic area as the general district court. After the expiration of the period provided in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Limitations on enforcement of district court judgments" href="/16.1-94.1/">16.1-94.1</a>, executions on such docketed civil <span class="dictionary">judgments</span> may <span class="dictionary">issue</span> from the general district court wherein the judgment was obtained upon the filing in the general district court of an abstract from the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court. In all other respects, the docketing of a general district court judgment in a <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court confers upon such judgment the same status as if the judgment were a <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court judgment; <a id="paragraph-247746" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#B4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> <span class="dictionary">Dockets</span> for civil cases shall be retained for 10 years; <a id="paragraph-247747" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#B5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> Indices in civil cases shall be retained for 10 years. <a id="paragraph-247748" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#B6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Juvenile and domestic relations district court proceedings: <a id="paragraph-247749" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> In adult criminal cases, all records shall be retained as provided in subdivision A 1; <a id="paragraph-247750" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#C1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> In juvenile cases, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> and indices shall be governed by the provisions of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Expungement of court records" href="/16.1-306/">16.1-306</a>; <a id="paragraph-247751" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#C2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> In all cases involving support arising under Title 16.1, 20, or 63.2, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> and indices shall be retained until the last juvenile involved, if any, has reached 19 years of age and 10 years have elapsed from either <span class="dictionary">dismissal</span> or termination of the case by <span class="dictionary">court order</span> or by operation of <span class="dictionary">law</span>. <span class="dictionary">Financial records</span> in connection with such cases shall be subject to the provisions of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Retention of financial and administrative records" href="/16.1-69.56/">16.1-69.56</a>; <a id="paragraph-247752" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#C3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> In all cases involving sexually violent <span class="dictionary">offenses</span>, as defined in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Definitions" href="/37.2-900/">37.2-900</a>, and in all <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> cases under &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Sexual battery" href="/18.2-67.4/">18.2-67.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Infected sexual battery; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_1/">18.2-67.4:1</a>, <a class="law" title="Sexual abuse of a child under 15 years of age; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_2/">18.2-67.4:2</a>, <a class="law" title="Prostitution; commercial sexual conduct; penalties" href="/18.2-346/">18.2-346</a>, <a class="law" title="Prostitution; solicitation; commercial exploitation of a minor; penalties" href="/18.2-346.01/">18.2-346.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Keeping, residing in, or frequenting a bawdy place; &quot;bawdy place&quot; defined; penalty" href="/18.2-347/">18.2-347</a>, <a class="law" title="Aiding prostitution or illicit sexual intercourse, etc.; penalty" href="/18.2-348/">18.2-348</a>, <a class="law" title="Using vehicles to promote prostitution or unlawful sexual intercourse; penalty" href="/18.2-349/">18.2-349</a>, <a class="law" title="Taking indecent liberties with children; penalties" href="/18.2-370/">18.2-370</a>, <a class="law" title="Indecent liberties by children; penalty" href="/18.2-370.01/">18.2-370.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Production, publication, sale, possession, etc., of obscene items" href="/18.2-374/">18.2-374</a>, <a class="law" title="Unlawful creation of image of another; penalty" href="/18.2-386.1/">18.2-386.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Indecent exposure" href="/18.2-387/">18.2-387</a>, and <a class="law" title="Obscene sexual display; penalty" href="/18.2-387.1/">18.2-387.1</a>, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> shall be retained for 50 years; <a id="paragraph-247753" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#C4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> In cases transferred to <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court for <span class="dictionary">trial</span> as an adult or appealed to <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court, all <span class="dictionary">documents</span> pertaining thereto shall be transferred to <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> court; <a id="paragraph-247754" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#C5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> All <span class="dictionary">dockets</span> in juvenile cases shall be governed by the provisions of subsection F of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Expungement of court records" href="/16.1-306/">16.1-306</a>. <a id="paragraph-247755" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#C6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> At the direction of the <span class="dictionary">chief judge</span> of a district court, the clerk of that court may cause any or all papers or <span class="dictionary">documents</span> pertaining to civil and criminal cases that have been ended to be destroyed if such records, papers, or <span class="dictionary">documents</span> will no longer have administrative, fiscal, historical, or legal value to warrant continued retention, provided such records, papers, or <span class="dictionary">documents</span> have been microfilmed or converted to an electronic format. Such microfilm and microphotographic processes and equipment shall meet state archival microfilm standards pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Duties and powers of Library Board" href="/42.1-82/">42.1-82</a>, or such electronic format shall follow state electronic records guidelines, and such records, papers, or <span class="dictionary">documents</span> so converted shall be placed in conveniently accessible files and provisions made for examining and using the same. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to the <span class="dictionary">documents</span> for <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> cases under &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Violation of provisions of protective orders; penalties" href="/16.1-253.2/">16.1-253.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Assault and battery against a family or household member; penalty" href="/18.2-57.2/">18.2-57.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Violation of protective orders; penalty" href="/18.2-60.4/">18.2-60.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Sexual battery" href="/18.2-67.4/">18.2-67.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Infected sexual battery; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_1/">18.2-67.4:1</a>, <a class="law" title="Sexual abuse of a child under 15 years of age; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_2/">18.2-67.4:2</a>, <a class="law" title="Prostitution; commercial sexual conduct; penalties" href="/18.2-346/">18.2-346</a>, <a class="law" title="Prostitution; solicitation; commercial exploitation of a minor; penalties" href="/18.2-346.01/">18.2-346.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Keeping, residing in, or frequenting a bawdy place; &quot;bawdy place&quot; defined; penalty" href="/18.2-347/">18.2-347</a>, <a class="law" title="Aiding prostitution or illicit sexual intercourse, etc.; penalty" href="/18.2-348/">18.2-348</a>, <a class="law" title="Using vehicles to promote prostitution or unlawful sexual intercourse; penalty" href="/18.2-349/">18.2-349</a>, <a class="law" title="Taking indecent liberties with children; penalties" href="/18.2-370/">18.2-370</a>, <a class="law" title="Indecent liberties by children; penalty" href="/18.2-370.01/">18.2-370.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Production, publication, sale, possession, etc., of obscene items" href="/18.2-374/">18.2-374</a>, <a class="law" title="Unlawful creation of image of another; penalty" href="/18.2-386.1/">18.2-386.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Indecent exposure" href="/18.2-387/">18.2-387</a>, and <a class="law" title="Obscene sexual display; penalty" href="/18.2-387.1/">18.2-387.1</a>, which shall be retained as provided in subsection A. <a id="paragraph-247756" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/16.1-69.55/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1983, c. 499; 1990, c. 258; 1996, c. 463; 2003, c. 126; 2005, c. 135; 2007, cc. 369, 468, 869; 2008, c. 749; 2009, c. 740; 2011, cc. 445, 480; 2013, cc. 187, 377; 2014, c. 287; 2018, c. 128; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 188.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
