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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>62009</law_id><section_number>18.2-429.1</section_number><catch_line>False caller identification information; penalty</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="18.2">Crimes and Offenses Generally</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="9">Crimes Against Peace and Order</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="6">Unlawful Use of Telephones</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> For the purposes of this section:
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Caller identification information</span>&#x201D; means data that identifies the identity of the caller or the caller&#x2019;s telephone number to the recipient of a telephone call or to the recipient&#x2019;s telephone network.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">False <span class="dictionary">caller identification information</span></span>&#x201D; means data that misrepresents the identity of the caller or the caller&#x2019;s telephone number to the recipient of a telephone call or to the recipient&#x2019;s telephone network. <a id="paragraph-226317" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/18.2-429.1/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Any person who, with the <span class="dictionary">intent</span> to defraud, intimidate, or harass, causes a telephone to ring and engages in conduct that results in the display of <span class="dictionary">false <span class="dictionary">caller identification information</span></span> on the called <span class="dictionary">party</span>&#x2019;s telephone is guilty of a Class 3 <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span>. A second or subsequent <span class="dictionary">conviction</span> under this subsection is punishable as a Class 2 <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span> if the prior <span class="dictionary">conviction</span> occurred before the date of the <span class="dictionary">offense</span> charged. <a id="paragraph-226318" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/18.2-429.1/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> This section shall not apply to: <a id="paragraph-226319" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/18.2-429.1/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The blocking of <span class="dictionary">caller identification information</span>; <a id="paragraph-226320" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/18.2-429.1/#C1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Any <span class="dictionary">law</span>-enforcement agencies or any <span class="dictionary">law</span>-enforcement officer while he is engaged in the performance of his official duties; <a id="paragraph-226321" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/18.2-429.1/#C2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Any intelligence or security agency of the federal government or any employee of such agency while he is engaged in the performance of his official duties; or <a id="paragraph-226322" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/18.2-429.1/#C3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> Any telecommunications, broadband, or Voice-over-Internet protocol service provider that is (i) acting in its capacity as an intermediary for the transmission of telephone service between the caller and the recipient, (ii) providing or configuring a service or service feature as requested by a customer, (iii) acting in a manner that is authorized or required by <span class="dictionary">law</span>, or (iv) engaging in other conduct that is a necessary incident to the provision of service. <a id="paragraph-226323" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/18.2-429.1/#C4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2019, c. 476.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
