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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>66486</law_id><section_number>19.2-271.2</section_number><catch_line>Testimony of spouses in criminal cases (Subsection (b) of Supreme Court Rule 2:504 derived from this section)</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="19.2">Criminal Procedure</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="16">Evidence and Witnesses</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="1">In General</unit></structure><text>
						<section><p>In criminal cases, persons married to each other shall be allowed, and, subject to the rules of <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> governing other witnesses, may be compelled to testify in behalf of each other, but neither shall be compelled to be called as a <span class="dictionary">witness</span> against the other, except (i) in the case of a <span class="dictionary">prosecution</span> for an <span class="dictionary">offense</span> committed by one against the other, against a <span class="dictionary">minor</span> child of either, or against the property of either; (ii) in any case where either is charged with <span class="dictionary">forgery</span> of the name of the other or uttering or attempting to utter a writing bearing the allegedly forged signature of the other; or (iii) in any proceeding relating to a violation of the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> pertaining to criminal sexual <span class="dictionary">assault</span> (&#xA7;&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Rape" href="/18.2-61/">18.2-61</a> through <a class="law" title="General definitions" href="/18.2-67.10/">18.2-67.10</a>), <span class="dictionary">crimes</span> against nature (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Crimes against nature; penalty" href="/18.2-361/">18.2-361</a>) involving a <span class="dictionary">minor</span> as a victim and provided that the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> and the victim are not married to each other, incest (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Sexual intercourse by persons forbidden to marry; incest; penalties" href="/18.2-366/">18.2-366</a>), or abuse of children (&#xA7;&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Taking indecent liberties with children; penalties" href="/18.2-370/">18.2-370</a> through <a class="law" title="Causing or encouraging acts rendering children delinquent, abused, etc.; penalty; abandoned infant" href="/18.2-371/">18.2-371</a>). The failure of either spouse to testify, however, shall create no <span class="dictionary">presumption</span> against the <span class="dictionary">accused</span>, nor be the subject of any comment before the <span class="dictionary">court</span> or <span class="dictionary">jury</span> by any attorney.
		Except in the <span class="dictionary">prosecution</span> for a criminal <span class="dictionary">offense</span> as set forth in clause (i), (ii), or (iii), in any criminal proceeding, a person has a <span class="dictionary">privilege</span> to refuse to disclose, and to prevent anyone else from disclosing, any <span class="dictionary">confidential communication</span> between his spouse and him during their marriage, regardless of whether he is married to that spouse at the time he <span class="dictionary">objects</span> to disclosure. For the purposes of this section, &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">confidential communication</span>&#x201D; means a communication made privately by a person to his spouse that is not intended for disclosure to any other person.</p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 8-288; 1950, p. 664; 1958, c. 231; 1960, c. 469; 1977, c. 624; 1988, c. 482; 1993, c. 637; 1996, c. 423; 2005, c. 809; 2020, c. 900.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
