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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>56020</law_id><section_number>19.2-297.1</section_number><catch_line>Sentence of person twice previously convicted of certain violent felonies</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>16.1-309.1</reference><reference>17.1-213</reference><reference>18.2-308.2</reference><reference>18.2-359</reference><reference>18.2-38</reference><reference>18.2-42.1</reference><reference>18.2-46.1</reference><reference>18.2-46.4</reference><reference>18.2-57.3</reference><reference>19.2-120</reference><reference>19.2-121</reference><reference>19.2-152.10</reference><reference>19.2-303.01</reference><reference>19.2-303.3</reference><reference>19.2-303.6</reference><reference>19.2-310.2:1</reference><reference>19.2-316.4</reference><reference>19.2-319</reference><reference>19.2-70.3</reference><reference>2.2-2001.1</reference><reference>53.1-116.2:1</reference><reference>53.1-128</reference><reference>53.1-131.1</reference><reference>53.1-231.2</reference><reference>9.1-173</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="19.2">Criminal Procedure</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="18">Sentence; Judgment; Execution of Sentence</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="1">General Provisions</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> Any person convicted of two or more separate acts of violence when such <span class="dictionary">offenses</span> were not part of a common act, transaction or scheme, and who has been at liberty as defined in &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Eligibility for parole" href="/53.1-151/">53.1-151</a> between each <span class="dictionary">conviction</span>, shall, upon <span class="dictionary">conviction</span> of a third or subsequent <span class="dictionary">act of violence</span>, be sentenced to life imprisonment and shall not have all or any portion of the sentence suspended, provided it is admitted, or found by the <span class="dictionary">jury</span> or <span class="dictionary">judge</span> before whom he is tried, that he has been previously convicted of two or more such acts of violence. For the purposes of this section, &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">act of violence</span>&#x201D; means (i) any one of the following violations of Chapter 4 (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Murder and manslaughter declared felonies" href="/18.2-30/">18.2-30</a> et seq.) of Title 18.2:
			a. First and second degree <span class="dictionary">murder</span> and voluntary <span class="dictionary">manslaughter</span> under Article 1 (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Murder and manslaughter declared felonies" href="/18.2-30/">18.2-30</a> et seq.);
			b. Mob-related felonies under Article 2 (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="&quot;Mob&quot; defined" href="/18.2-38/">18.2-38</a> et seq.);
			c. Any kidnapping or abduction <span class="dictionary">felony</span> under Article 3 (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Abduction and kidnapping defined; forced labor; punishment" href="/18.2-47/">18.2-47</a> et seq.);
			d. Any <span class="dictionary">malicious</span> felonious <span class="dictionary">assault</span> or <span class="dictionary">malicious</span> bodily wounding under Article 4 (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc" href="/18.2-51/">18.2-51</a> et seq.);
			e. <span class="dictionary">Robbery</span> under &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Robbery; penalties" href="/18.2-58/">18.2-58</a> and carjacking under &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Carjacking; penalty" href="/18.2-58.1/">18.2-58.1</a>;
			f. Except as otherwise provided in &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Punishment upon conviction of certain subsequent felony sexual assault" href="/18.2-67.5_2/">18.2-67.5:2</a> or &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Punishment upon conviction of certain subsequent violent felony sexual assault" href="/18.2-67.5_3/">18.2-67.5:3</a>, criminal sexual <span class="dictionary">assault</span> punishable as a <span class="dictionary">felony</span> under Article 7 (&#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Rape" href="/18.2-61/">18.2-61</a> et seq.); or
			g. <span class="dictionary">Arson</span> in violation of &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Burning or destroying dwelling house, etc" href="/18.2-77/">18.2-77</a> when the structure burned was occupied or a Class 3 <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Burning or destroying meeting house, etc" href="/18.2-79/">18.2-79</a>. <a id="paragraph-205326" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-297.1/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="Aii" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">ii.</span> conspiracy to commit any of the violations enumerated in clause (i) of this section; and (iii) violations as a principal in the second degree or <span class="dictionary">accessory before the fact</span> of the provisions enumerated in clause (i) of this section. <a id="paragraph-205327" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-297.1/#Aii"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Prior <span class="dictionary">convictions</span> shall include <span class="dictionary">convictions</span> under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of any state or of the United States for any <span class="dictionary">offense</span> substantially similar to those listed under &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">act of violence</span>&#x201D; if such <span class="dictionary">offense</span> would be a <span class="dictionary">felony</span> if committed in the Commonwealth.
			The Commonwealth shall notify the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> in writing, at least thirty days prior to <span class="dictionary">trial</span>, of its intention to seek punishment pursuant to this section. <a id="paragraph-205328" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-297.1/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Any person sentenced to life imprisonment pursuant to this section shall not be eligible for <span class="dictionary">parole</span> and shall not be eligible for any good conduct allowance or any earned sentence credits under Chapter 6 (&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Term commences from date of final judgment; exceptions" href="/53.1-186/">53.1-186</a> et seq.) of Title 53.1. However, any person subject to the provisions of this section, other than a person who was sentenced under subsection A of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Punishment upon conviction of certain subsequent violent felony sexual assault" href="/18.2-67.5_3/">18.2-67.5:3</a> for criminal sexual <span class="dictionary">assault</span> <span class="dictionary">convictions</span> specified in subdivision f, (i) who has reached the age of sixty-five or older and who has served at least five years of the sentence imposed or (ii) who has reached the age of sixty or older and who has served at least ten years of the sentence imposed may <span class="dictionary">petition</span> the <span class="dictionary">Parole</span> Board for conditional release. The <span class="dictionary">Parole</span> Board shall promulgate regulations to implement the provisions of this subsection. <a id="paragraph-205329" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-297.1/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1994, cc. 828, 860, 862, 881; 1994, 2nd Sp. Sess., cc. 1, 2; 1995, c. 834; 1996, c. 539.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
