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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>79178</law_id><section_number>19.2-368.20</section_number><catch_line>Special order of escrow</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>19.2-368.21</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="19.2">Criminal Procedure</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="21.2">Profits From Crime</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> Any proceeds or profits received or to be received directly or indirectly, except property that may be forfeited to the Commonwealth pursuant to &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Seizure of property used in connection with or derived from terrorism" href="/19.2-386.15/">19.2-386.15</a> through <a class="law" title="Seizure and forfeiture of property used in connection with the exploitation and solicitation of children" href="/19.2-386.31/">19.2-386.31</a>, by a <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> or a transferee of that <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> from any source, as a direct or indirect result of his <span class="dictionary">crime</span> or sentence, or the notoriety which such <span class="dictionary">crime</span> or sentence has conferred upon him, shall be subject to a special <span class="dictionary">order</span> of escrow. <a id="paragraph-283558" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Income from the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span>&#x2019;s employment in a position unrelated to his <span class="dictionary">crime</span> or the notoriety which such <span class="dictionary">crime</span> has conferred upon him but obtained through the assistance of or rehabilitative training by correctional or mental health programs or personnel shall not be subject to a special <span class="dictionary">order</span> of escrow under this section, and nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit or hinder the return of property belonging to <span class="dictionary">victims</span> of <span class="dictionary">crime</span> to its rightful owners. Any proceeds from a <span class="dictionary">contract</span> relating to a depiction or discussion of the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">crime</span> in a movie, book, newspaper, magazine, radio or television production, or live entertainment or publication of any kind shall not be subject to a special <span class="dictionary">order</span> of escrow unless an integral part of the work is a depiction or discussion of the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">crime</span> or an impression of the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span>&#x2019;s thoughts, <span class="dictionary">opinions</span>, or emotions regarding such <span class="dictionary">crime</span>. <a id="paragraph-283559" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Upon <span class="dictionary">petition</span> of the attorney for the Commonwealth filed at any time after <span class="dictionary">conviction</span> of such <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> or his <span class="dictionary">acquittal</span> by reason of <span class="dictionary">insanity</span> and after notice to the interested parties, a <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> upon the <span class="dictionary">motion</span> and a <span class="dictionary">finding</span> for the Commonwealth, for good cause shown, any <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> in which the <span class="dictionary">petition</span> is filed shall <span class="dictionary">order</span> that such proceeds be subject to a special <span class="dictionary">order</span> of escrow. <a id="paragraph-283560" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The <span class="dictionary">petition</span> shall be filed in the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> of the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> where the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> was convicted or acquitted by reason of <span class="dictionary">insanity</span>. <a id="paragraph-283561" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#C1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The <span class="dictionary">petition</span> shall set forth in general terms the causes for entry of the special <span class="dictionary">order</span> of escrow, and be signed by the attorney for the Commonwealth. <a id="paragraph-283562" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#C2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Upon the filing of the <span class="dictionary">petition</span>, the clerk shall forthwith <span class="dictionary">issue</span> a warrant directed to the sheriff or other <span class="dictionary">law</span>-enforcement officer of the county or city, commanding him to take the property into his <span class="dictionary">possession</span> and hold the same subject to further proceedings in the cause. If for any cause the warrant was not executed, other like warrants may be successively issued until one is executed. The officer serving the warrant shall take the property into his <span class="dictionary">possession</span> and forthwith return the warrant and report to the clerk in writing. <a id="paragraph-283563" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#C3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> Any person concerned in interest may appear and make defense to the <span class="dictionary">petition</span>, which may be done by answer on <span class="dictionary">oath</span>. <a id="paragraph-283564" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#C4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> When the case is ready for <span class="dictionary">trial</span>, such <span class="dictionary">issues</span> of <span class="dictionary">fact</span> as are made by the <span class="dictionary">pleadings</span>, or as the <span class="dictionary">court</span> may direct, the <span class="dictionary">court</span> shall determine the whole matter of <span class="dictionary">law</span> and <span class="dictionary">fact</span>. <a id="paragraph-283565" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#C5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> Expenses and costs incurred in the proceedings shall be paid as the <span class="dictionary">court</span>, in its discretion, shall determine; except that no costs shall be adjudged against the Commonwealth.
				An <span class="dictionary">order</span> issued under this section shall require that the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> and the person with whom the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> pay to the <span class="dictionary">Division</span> any proceeds due the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span> under the <span class="dictionary">contract</span> and the proceeds shall be placed in a special escrow account for the <span class="dictionary">victims</span> of the <span class="dictionary">defendant</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">crime</span>. <a id="paragraph-283566" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-368.20/#C6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1990, c. 549; 1992, c. 681; 2006, c. 414.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
