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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>61280</law_id><section_number>19.2-392.02</section_number><catch_line>National criminal background checks by businesses and organizations regarding employees or volunteers providing care to children or the elderly or disabled</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>15.2-914</reference><reference>19.2-388.1</reference><reference>19.2-392.5</reference><reference>22.1-289.034</reference><reference>22.1-289.035</reference><reference>22.1-289.036</reference><reference>22.1-289.037</reference><reference>22.1-289.038</reference><reference>22.1-289.039</reference><reference>22.1-289.040</reference><reference>22.1-296.1</reference><reference>32.1-126.01</reference><reference>32.1-162.15:1.10</reference><reference>32.1-162.15:1.17</reference><reference>32.1-162.15:1.18</reference><reference>32.1-162.9:1</reference><reference>37.2-314</reference><reference>37.2-408.1</reference><reference>37.2-416</reference><reference>37.2-416.1</reference><reference>37.2-506</reference><reference>37.2-506.1</reference><reference>63.2-1601.1</reference><reference>63.2-1719</reference><reference>63.2-1720</reference><reference>63.2-1721</reference><reference>63.2-1722</reference><reference>63.2-1723</reference><reference>63.2-1726</reference><reference>63.2-901.1</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="19.2">Criminal Procedure</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="23">Central Criminal Records Exchange</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> For purposes of this section:
			&#x201C;Barrier crime&#x201D; means (i) a <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Violation of provisions of protective orders; penalties" href="/16.1-253.2/">16.1-253.2</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Aggravated murder defined; punishment" href="/18.2-31/">18.2-31</a>, <a class="law" title="First and second degree murder defined; punishment" href="/18.2-32/">18.2-32</a>, <a class="law" title="Murder of a pregnant woman; penalty" href="/18.2-32.1/">18.2-32.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Killing a fetus; penalty" href="/18.2-32.2/">18.2-32.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Felony homicide defined; punishment" href="/18.2-33/">18.2-33</a>, <a class="law" title="How voluntary manslaughter punished" href="/18.2-35/">18.2-35</a>, <a class="law" title="How involuntary manslaughter punished" href="/18.2-36/">18.2-36</a>, <a class="law" title="Certain conduct punishable as involuntary manslaughter" href="/18.2-36.1/">18.2-36.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Involuntary manslaughter; operating a watercraft while under the influence; penalties" href="/18.2-36.2/">18.2-36.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc., by mob" href="/18.2-41/">18.2-41</a>, or <a class="law" title="Assault or battery by mob" href="/18.2-42/">18.2-42</a>; any <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Prohibited criminal street gang participation; penalty" href="/18.2-46.2/">18.2-46.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Recruitment of persons for criminal street gang; penalty" href="/18.2-46.3/">18.2-46.3</a>, <a class="law" title="Third or subsequent conviction of criminal street gang crimes" href="/18.2-46.3_1/">18.2-46.3:1</a>, or <a class="law" title="Enhanced punishment for gang activity taking place in a gang-free zone; penalties" href="/18.2-46.3_3/">18.2-46.3:3</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Committing, conspiring and aiding and abetting acts of terrorism prohibited; penalty" href="/18.2-46.5/">18.2-46.5</a>, <a class="law" title="Possession, manufacture, distribution, etc., of weapon of terrorism or hoax device prohibited; penalty" href="/18.2-46.6/">18.2-46.6</a>, or <a class="law" title="Act of bioterrorism against agricultural crops or animals; penalty" href="/18.2-46.7/">18.2-46.7</a>; any violation of subsection A or B of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Abduction and kidnapping defined; forced labor; punishment" href="/18.2-47/">18.2-47</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Abduction with intent to extort money or for immoral purpose" href="/18.2-48/">18.2-48</a>, <a class="law" title="Threatening, attempting, or assisting in such abduction; penalty" href="/18.2-49/">18.2-49</a>, or <a class="law" title="Enticing, etc., another into a dwelling house with intent to commit certain felonies; penalty" href="/18.2-50.3/">18.2-50.3</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Shooting, stabbing, etc., with intent to maim, kill, etc" href="/18.2-51/">18.2-51</a>, <a class="law" title="Malicious bodily injury to law-enforcement officers, firefighters, search and rescue personnel, or emergency medical services personnel; penalty; lesser-included offense" href="/18.2-51.1/">18.2-51.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Aggravated malicious wounding; penalty" href="/18.2-51.2/">18.2-51.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Prohibition against reckless endangerment of others by throwing objects from places higher than one story; penalty" href="/18.2-51.3/">18.2-51.3</a>, <a class="law" title="Maiming, etc., of another resulting from driving while intoxicated" href="/18.2-51.4/">18.2-51.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Maiming, etc., of another resulting from operating a watercraft while intoxicated; penalty" href="/18.2-51.5/">18.2-51.5</a>, <a class="law" title="Strangulation or suffocation of another; penalty" href="/18.2-51.6/">18.2-51.6</a>, <a class="law" title="Malicious bodily injury by means of any caustic substance or agent or use of any explosive or fire" href="/18.2-52/">18.2-52</a>, <a class="law" title="Possession of infectious biological substances or radiological agents; penalties" href="/18.2-52.1/">18.2-52.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Shooting, etc., in committing or attempting a felony" href="/18.2-53/">18.2-53</a>, <a class="law" title="Use or display of firearm in committing felony" href="/18.2-53.1/">18.2-53.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Attempts to poison" href="/18.2-54.1/">18.2-54.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Adulteration of food, drink, drugs, cosmetics, etc.; penalty" href="/18.2-54.2/">18.2-54.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Bodily injuries caused by prisoners, state juvenile probationers and state and local adult probationers or adult parolees" href="/18.2-55/">18.2-55</a>, <a class="law" title="Hazing of youth gang members unlawful; criminal liability" href="/18.2-55.1/">18.2-55.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Hazing unlawful; civil and criminal liability; duty of school, etc., officials; penalty" href="/18.2-56/">18.2-56</a>, <a class="law" title="Reckless handling of firearms; reckless handling while hunting" href="/18.2-56.1/">18.2-56.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Allowing access to firearms by children; penalty" href="/18.2-56.2/">18.2-56.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Assault and battery; penalty" href="/18.2-57/">18.2-57</a>, <a class="law" title="Pointing laser at law-enforcement officer unlawful; penalty" href="/18.2-57.01/">18.2-57.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Disarming a law-enforcement or correctional officer; penalty" href="/18.2-57.02/">18.2-57.02</a>, <a class="law" title="Assault and battery against a family or household member; penalty" href="/18.2-57.2/">18.2-57.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Robbery; penalties" href="/18.2-58/">18.2-58</a>, <a class="law" title="Carjacking; penalty" href="/18.2-58.1/">18.2-58.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Extortion of money, property or pecuniary benefit" href="/18.2-59/">18.2-59</a>, <a class="law" title="Threats of death or bodily injury to a person or member of his family; threats of death or discharge of a firearm on school property; threats of death or bodily injury to health care providers; penalties" href="/18.2-60/">18.2-60</a>, or <a class="law" title="Threatening the Governor or his immediate family" href="/18.2-60.1/">18.2-60.1</a>; any <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Stalking; penalty" href="/18.2-60.3/">18.2-60.3</a> or <a class="law" title="Violation of protective orders; penalty" href="/18.2-60.4/">18.2-60.4</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Rape" href="/18.2-61/">18.2-61</a>, <a class="law" title="Carnal knowledge of child between thirteen and fifteen years of age" href="/18.2-63/">18.2-63</a>, <a class="law" title="Carnal knowledge of certain minors" href="/18.2-64.1/">18.2-64.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Carnal knowledge of a person detained or arrested by a law-enforcement officer or an inmate, parolee, probationer, juvenile detainee, pretrial defendant or posttrial offender, or confidential informant; penalty" href="/18.2-64.2/">18.2-64.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Forcible sodomy" href="/18.2-67.1/">18.2-67.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Object sexual penetration; penalty" href="/18.2-67.2/">18.2-67.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Aggravated sexual battery; penalty" href="/18.2-67.3/">18.2-67.3</a>, <a class="law" title="Sexual battery" href="/18.2-67.4/">18.2-67.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Infected sexual battery; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_1/">18.2-67.4:1</a>, <a class="law" title="Sexual abuse of a child under 15 years of age; penalty" href="/18.2-67.4_2/">18.2-67.4:2</a>, <a class="law" title="Attempted rape, forcible sodomy, object sexual penetration, aggravated sexual battery, and sexual battery" href="/18.2-67.5/">18.2-67.5</a>, <a class="law" title="Punishment upon conviction of third misdemeanor offense" href="/18.2-67.5_1/">18.2-67.5:1</a>, <a class="law" title="Punishment upon conviction of certain subsequent felony sexual assault" href="/18.2-67.5_2/">18.2-67.5:2</a>, <a class="law" title="Punishment upon conviction of certain subsequent violent felony sexual assault" href="/18.2-67.5_3/">18.2-67.5:3</a>, <a class="law" title="Burning or destroying dwelling house, etc" href="/18.2-77/">18.2-77</a>, <a class="law" title="Burning or destroying meeting house, etc" href="/18.2-79/">18.2-79</a>, <a class="law" title="Burning or destroying any other building or structure" href="/18.2-80/">18.2-80</a>, <a class="law" title="Burning or destroying personal property, standing grain, etc" href="/18.2-81/">18.2-81</a>, <a class="law" title="Burning building or structure while in such building or structure with intent to commit felony" href="/18.2-82/">18.2-82</a>, <a class="law" title="Threats to bomb, damage, or discharge a firearm within or at buildings or means of transportation; false information as to danger to such buildings, etc.; punishment; venue" href="/18.2-83/">18.2-83</a>, <a class="law" title="Causing, inciting, etc., commission of act proscribed by &#xA7; 18.2-83" href="/18.2-84/">18.2-84</a>, <a class="law" title="Manufacture, possession, use, etc., of fire bombs or explosive materials or devices; penalties" href="/18.2-85/">18.2-85</a>, <a class="law" title="Setting fire to woods, fences, grass, etc" href="/18.2-86/">18.2-86</a>, <a class="law" title="Setting woods, etc., on fire intentionally whereby another is damaged or jeopardized" href="/18.2-87/">18.2-87</a>, <a class="law" title="Setting off chemical bombs capable of producing smoke in certain public buildings" href="/18.2-87.1/">18.2-87.1</a>, or <a class="law" title="Carelessly damaging property by fire" href="/18.2-88/">18.2-88</a>; any <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Discharging firearms or missiles within or at building or dwelling house; penalty" href="/18.2-279/">18.2-279</a>, <a class="law" title="Willfully discharging firearms in public places" href="/18.2-280/">18.2-280</a>, <a class="law" title="Setting spring gun or other deadly weapon" href="/18.2-281/">18.2-281</a>, <a class="law" title="Pointing, holding, or brandishing firearm, air or gas operated weapon or object similar in appearance; penalty" href="/18.2-282/">18.2-282</a>, <a class="law" title="Brandishing a machete or other bladed weapon with intent to intimidate; penalty" href="/18.2-282.1/">18.2-282.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Shooting from vehicles so as to endanger persons; penalty" href="/18.2-286.1/">18.2-286.1</a>, or <a class="law" title="Wearing of body armor while committing a crime; penalty" href="/18.2-287.2/">18.2-287.2</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Use of machine gun for crime of violence" href="/18.2-289/">18.2-289</a>, <a class="law" title="Use of machine gun for aggressive purpose" href="/18.2-290/">18.2-290</a>, <a class="law" title="Possession or use of &quot;sawed-off&quot; shotgun or rifle" href="/18.2-300/">18.2-300</a>, <a class="law" title="Possession of firearms while in possession of certain substances" href="/18.2-308.4/">18.2-308.4</a>, or <a class="law" title="Failing to secure medical attention for injured child" href="/18.2-314/">18.2-314</a>; any <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Prostitution; solicitation; commercial exploitation of a minor; penalties" href="/18.2-346.01/">18.2-346.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Aiding prostitution or illicit sexual intercourse, etc.; penalty" href="/18.2-348/">18.2-348</a>, or <a class="law" title="Using vehicles to promote prostitution or unlawful sexual intercourse; penalty" href="/18.2-349/">18.2-349</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Taking, detaining, etc., person for prostitution, etc., or consenting thereto; human trafficking" href="/18.2-355/">18.2-355</a>, <a class="law" title="Receiving money for procuring person; penalties" href="/18.2-356/">18.2-356</a>, <a class="law" title="Receiving money from earnings of male or female prostitute; penalties" href="/18.2-357/">18.2-357</a>, or <a class="law" title="Commercial sex trafficking; penalties" href="/18.2-357.1/">18.2-357.1</a>; any violation of subsection B of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Crimes against nature; penalty" href="/18.2-361/">18.2-361</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Sexual intercourse by persons forbidden to marry; incest; penalties" href="/18.2-366/">18.2-366</a>, <a class="law" title="Abuse and neglect of vulnerable adults; penalties" href="/18.2-369/">18.2-369</a>, <a class="law" title="Taking indecent liberties with children; penalties" href="/18.2-370/">18.2-370</a>, <a class="law" title="Taking indecent liberties with child by person in custodial or supervisory relationship; penalties" href="/18.2-370.1/">18.2-370.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Sex offenses prohibiting proximity to children; penalty" href="/18.2-370.2/">18.2-370.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Sex offenses prohibiting residing in proximity to children; penalty" href="/18.2-370.3/">18.2-370.3</a>, <a class="law" title="Sex offenses prohibiting working on school property; penalty" href="/18.2-370.4/">18.2-370.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Offenses prohibiting entry onto school or other property; penalty" href="/18.2-370.5/">18.2-370.5</a>, <a class="law" title="Penetration of mouth of child with lascivious intent; penalty" href="/18.2-370.6/">18.2-370.6</a>, <a class="law" title="Abuse and neglect of children; penalties; abandoned infant" href="/18.2-371.1/">18.2-371.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Production, publication, sale, financing, etc., of child pornography; presumption as to age" href="/18.2-374.1/">18.2-374.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Possession, reproduction, distribution, solicitation, and facilitation of child pornography; penalty" href="/18.2-374.1_1/">18.2-374.1:1</a>, <a class="law" title="Use of communications systems to facilitate certain offenses involving children; penalties" href="/18.2-374.3/">18.2-374.3</a>, <a class="law" title="Display of child pornography or grooming video or materials to a child unlawful; penalty" href="/18.2-374.4/">18.2-374.4</a>, <a class="law" title="Employing or permitting minor to assist in offense under article" href="/18.2-379/">18.2-379</a>, <a class="law" title="Unlawful creation of image of another; penalty" href="/18.2-386.1/">18.2-386.1</a>, or <a class="law" title="Unlawful dissemination or sale of images of another; penalty" href="/18.2-386.2/">18.2-386.2</a>; any <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="What constitutes a riot; punishment" href="/18.2-405/">18.2-405</a> or <a class="law" title="What constitutes an unlawful assembly; punishment" href="/18.2-406/">18.2-406</a>; any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Conspiracy; incitement, etc., to riot" href="/18.2-408/">18.2-408</a>, <a class="law" title="Commission of certain offenses in county, city or town declared by Governor to be in state of riot or insurrection" href="/18.2-413/">18.2-413</a>, <a class="law" title="Injury to property or persons by persons unlawfully or riotously assembled" href="/18.2-414/">18.2-414</a>, <a class="law" title="Burning cross on property of another or public place with intent to intimidate; penalty; prima facie evidence of intent" href="/18.2-423/">18.2-423</a>, <a class="law" title="Burning object on property of another or a highway or other public place with intent to intimidate; penalty" href="/18.2-423.01/">18.2-423.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Placing Nazi symbol or emblem on certain property with intent to intimidate; penalty; prima facie evidence of intent" href="/18.2-423.1/">18.2-423.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Displaying noose on property of another or a highway or other public place with intent to intimidate; penalty" href="/18.2-423.2/">18.2-423.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Paramilitary activity prohibited; penalty" href="/18.2-433.2/">18.2-433.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Providing false information or failing to provide registration information; penalty; prima facie evidence" href="/18.2-472.1/">18.2-472.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Delivery of drugs, firearms, explosives, etc., to prisoners or committed persons" href="/18.2-474.1/">18.2-474.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Prisoner escaping from jail; how punished" href="/18.2-477/">18.2-477</a>, <a class="law" title="Escapes from juvenile facility; penalty" href="/18.2-477.1/">18.2-477.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Punishment for certain offenses committed within a secure juvenile facility or detention home" href="/18.2-477.2/">18.2-477.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Escape from jail or custody by force or violence without setting fire to jail; penalty" href="/18.2-478/">18.2-478</a>, <a class="law" title="Escape without force or violence or setting fire to jail; penalties" href="/18.2-479/">18.2-479</a>, <a class="law" title="Escape, etc., by setting fire to jail" href="/18.2-480/">18.2-480</a>, <a class="law" title="Treason defined; how proved and punished" href="/18.2-481/">18.2-481</a>, <a class="law" title="Advocacy of change in government by force, violence or other unlawful means" href="/18.2-484/">18.2-484</a>, <a class="law" title="Conspiring to incite one race to insurrection against another race" href="/18.2-485/">18.2-485</a>, <a class="law" title="Escape of persons committed; penalty" href="/37.2-917/">37.2-917</a>, or <a class="law" title="Felonies by prisoners; penalties" href="/53.1-203/">53.1-203</a>; or any substantially similar <span class="dictionary">offense</span> under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of another <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>; (ii) any violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Burglary; how punished" href="/18.2-89/">18.2-89</a>, <a class="law" title="Entering dwelling house, etc., with intent to commit murder, rape, robbery or arson; penalty" href="/18.2-90/">18.2-90</a>, <a class="law" title="Entering dwelling house, etc., with intent to commit larceny, assault and battery or other felony" href="/18.2-91/">18.2-91</a>, <a class="law" title="Breaking and entering dwelling house with intent to commit other misdemeanor" href="/18.2-92/">18.2-92</a>, <a class="law" title="Entering bank, armed, with intent to commit larceny" href="/18.2-93/">18.2-93</a>, or <a class="law" title="Possession of burglarious tools, etc" href="/18.2-94/">18.2-94</a> or any substantially similar <span class="dictionary">offense</span> under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of another <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>; (iii) any <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Home cultivation of marijuana for personal use; penalties" href="/4.1-1101/">4.1-1101</a>, <a class="law" title="Manufacturing, selling, giving, distributing, or possessing with intent to manufacture, sell, give, or distribute a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance prohibited; penalties" href="/18.2-248/">18.2-248</a>, <a class="law" title="Transporting controlled substances into the Commonwealth; penalty" href="/18.2-248.01/">18.2-248.01</a>, <a class="law" title="Allowing a minor or incapacitated person to be present during manufacture or attempted manufacture of methamphetamine or fentanyl prohibited; penalties" href="/18.2-248.02/">18.2-248.02</a>, <a class="law" title="Manufacturing, selling, giving, distributing, or possessing with intent to manufacture, sell, give, or distribute methamphetamine; penalty" href="/18.2-248.03/">18.2-248.03</a>, <a class="law" title="Penalties for sale, gift, distribution or possession with intent to sell, give or distribute marijuana" href="/18.2-248.1/">18.2-248.1</a>, <a class="law" title="Illegal stimulants and steroids; penalty" href="/18.2-248.5/">18.2-248.5</a>, <a class="law" title="Possession and distribution of flunitrazepam; enhanced penalty" href="/18.2-251.2/">18.2-251.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Possession and distribution of gamma-butyrolactone; 1, 4-butanediol; enhanced penalty" href="/18.2-251.3/">18.2-251.3</a>, <a class="law" title="Distribution of certain drugs to persons under 18 prohibited; penalty" href="/18.2-255/">18.2-255</a>, <a class="law" title="Prohibiting the sale or manufacture of drugs on or near certain properties; penalty" href="/18.2-255.2/">18.2-255.2</a>, <a class="law" title="Certain premises deemed common nuisance; penalty" href="/18.2-258/">18.2-258</a>, <a class="law" title="Maintaining a fortified drug house; penalty" href="/18.2-258.02/">18.2-258.02</a>, <a class="law" title="Obtaining drugs, procuring administration of controlled substances, etc., by fraud, deceit or forgery" href="/18.2-258.1/">18.2-258.1</a>, or <a class="law" title="Assisting individuals in unlawfully procuring prescription drugs; penalty" href="/18.2-258.2/">18.2-258.2</a> or any substantially similar <span class="dictionary">offense</span> under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of another <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>; (iv) any <span class="dictionary">felony</span> violation of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Possession of controlled substances unlawful" href="/18.2-250/">18.2-250</a> or any substantially similar <span class="dictionary">offense</span> under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of another <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>; (v) any <span class="dictionary">offense</span> set forth in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Offenses requiring registration" href="/9.1-902/">9.1-902</a> that results in the person&#x2019;s requirement to register with the Sex Offender and <span class="dictionary">Crimes</span> Against <span class="dictionary">Minors</span> Registry pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Persons for whom registration required" href="/9.1-901/">9.1-901</a>, including any <span class="dictionary">finding</span> that a person is not guilty by reason of <span class="dictionary">insanity</span> in accordance with Chapter 11.1 (&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Verdict of acquittal by reason of insanity to state the fact; temporary custody and evaluation" href="/19.2-182.2/">19.2-182.2</a> et seq.) of Title 19.2 of an <span class="dictionary">offense</span> set forth in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Offenses requiring registration" href="/9.1-902/">9.1-902</a> that results in the person&#x2019;s requirement to register with the Sex Offender and <span class="dictionary">Crimes</span> Against <span class="dictionary">Minors</span> Registry pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Persons for whom registration required" href="/9.1-901/">9.1-901</a>; any substantially similar <span class="dictionary">offense</span> under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of another <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>; or any <span class="dictionary">offense</span> for which registration in a sex offender and <span class="dictionary">crimes</span> against <span class="dictionary">minors</span> registry is required under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> where the offender was convicted; or (vi) any other <span class="dictionary">felony</span> not included in clause (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v) unless five years have elapsed from the date of the <span class="dictionary">conviction</span>.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Barrier crime information</span>&#x201D; means the following <span class="dictionary">facts</span> concerning a person who has been arrested for, or has been convicted of, a barrier crime, regardless of whether the person was a juvenile or adult at the time of the <span class="dictionary">arrest</span> or <span class="dictionary">conviction</span>: full name, race, sex, date of birth, height, weight, fingerprints, a <span class="dictionary">brief</span> description of the barrier crime or <span class="dictionary">offenses</span> for which the person has been arrested or has been convicted, the <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> of the charge, and any other information that may be useful in identifying persons arrested for or convicted of a barrier crime.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Care</span>&#x201D; means the provision of <span class="dictionary">care</span>, treatment, education, training, instruction, supervision, or recreation to children or the elderly or disabled.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Department</span>&#x201D; means the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> of State Police.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Employed by</span>&#x201D; means any person who is <span class="dictionary">employed by</span>, volunteers for, seeks to be <span class="dictionary">employed by</span>, or seeks to volunteer for a <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span>.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Identification document</span>&#x201D; means a document made or issued by or under the authority of the United States government, a state, a political subdivision of a state, a foreign government, political subdivision of a foreign government, an international governmental or an international quasi-governmental organization that, when completed with information concerning a particular individual, is of a type intended or commonly accepted for the purpose of identification of individuals.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Provider</span>&#x201D; means a person who (i) is <span class="dictionary">employed by</span> a <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> and has, seeks to have, or may have unsupervised access to a child or to an elderly or disabled person to whom the <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> provides <span class="dictionary">care</span>; (ii) is a volunteer of a <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> and has, seeks to have, or may have unsupervised access to a child to whom the <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> provides <span class="dictionary">care</span>; or (iii) owns, operates, or seeks to own or operate a <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span>.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Qualified entity</span>&#x201D; means a business or organization that provides <span class="dictionary">care</span> to children or the elderly or disabled, whether governmental, private, for profit, nonprofit, or voluntary, except organizations exempt pursuant to subdivision A 7 of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Exemptions from licensure" href="/22.1-289.030/">22.1-289.030</a>. <a id="paragraph-223926" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> A <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> may request the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> of State Police to conduct a national criminal background check on any <span class="dictionary">provider</span> who is <span class="dictionary">employed by</span> such entity. No <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> may request a national criminal background check on a <span class="dictionary">provider</span> until such <span class="dictionary">provider</span> has: <a id="paragraph-223927" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Been fingerprinted; and <a id="paragraph-223928" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Completed and signed a statement, furnished by the entity, that includes (i) his name, address, and date of birth as it appears on a valid <span class="dictionary">identification document</span>; (ii) a disclosure of whether or not the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> has ever been convicted of or is the subject of pending charges for a criminal <span class="dictionary">offense</span> within or outside the Commonwealth, and if the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> has been convicted of a crime, a description of the crime and the particulars of the <span class="dictionary">conviction</span>; (iii) a notice to the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> that the entity may request a background check; (iv) a notice to the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> that he is entitled to obtain a copy of any background check report, to challenge the accuracy and completeness of any information contained in any such report, and to obtain a prompt determination as to the validity of such challenge before a final determination is made by the <span class="dictionary">Department</span>; and (v) a notice to the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> that prior to the completion of the background check the <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> may choose to deny the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> unsupervised access to children or the elderly or disabled for whom the <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> provides <span class="dictionary">care</span>. <a id="paragraph-223929" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Upon receipt of (i) a <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span>&#x2019;s written request to conduct a background check on a <span class="dictionary">provider</span>, (ii) the <span class="dictionary">provider</span>&#x2019;s fingerprints, and (iii) a completed, signed statement as described in subsection B, the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> shall make a determination whether the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> has been convicted of or is the subject of charges of a barrier crime. To conduct its determination regarding the <span class="dictionary">provider</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">barrier crime information</span>, the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> shall access the national criminal history background check system, which is maintained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and is based on fingerprints and other methods of identification, and shall access the Central Criminal Records Exchange maintained by the <span class="dictionary">Department</span>. If the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> receives a background report lacking <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> data, the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> shall conduct research in whatever state and local recordkeeping systems are available in <span class="dictionary">order</span> to obtain complete data. The <span class="dictionary">Department</span> shall make reasonable efforts to respond to a <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span>&#x2019;s inquiry within 15 business days. <a id="paragraph-223930" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> Any background check conducted pursuant to this section for a <span class="dictionary">provider</span> <span class="dictionary">employed by</span> a private entity shall be screened by the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> of State Police. If the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> has been convicted of or is under <span class="dictionary">indictment</span> for a barrier crime, the <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> shall be notified that the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> is not qualified to work or volunteer in a position that involves unsupervised access to children or the elderly or disabled. <a id="paragraph-223931" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> Any background check conducted pursuant to this section for a <span class="dictionary">provider</span> <span class="dictionary">employed by</span> a governmental entity shall be provided to that entity. <a id="paragraph-223932" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F"><p><span class="prefix-number">F.</span> In the case of a <span class="dictionary">provider</span> who desires to volunteer at a <span class="dictionary">qualified entity</span> and who is subject to a national criminal background check, the <span class="dictionary">Department</span> and the Federal Bureau of Investigation may each charge the <span class="dictionary">provider</span> the lesser of $18 or the actual cost to the entity of the background check conducted with the fingerprints. <a id="paragraph-223933" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#F"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="G"><p><span class="prefix-number">G.</span> The failure to request a criminal background check pursuant to subsection B shall not be considered <span class="dictionary">negligence</span> per se in any <span class="dictionary">civil action</span>. <a id="paragraph-223934" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/19.2-392.02/#G"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2000, c. 860; 2005, c. 217; 2015, cc. 758, 770; 2017, c. 809; 2018, cc. 9, 810; 2019, c. 617; 2020, cc. 860, 861; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 188, 550, 551.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
