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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>67390</law_id><section_number>2.2-3106</section_number><catch_line>Prohibited contracts by officers and employees of state government</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>2.2-3110</reference><reference>2.2-3123</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="2.2">Administration of Government</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="I">Organization of State Government</unit><unit label="part" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="E">State Officers and Employees</unit><unit label="chapter" level="4" order_by="1" identifier="31">State and Local Government Conflict of Interests Act</unit><unit label="article" level="5" order_by="1" identifier="3">Prohibited Conduct Relating to Contracts</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> No <span class="dictionary">officer</span> or <span class="dictionary">employee</span> of any <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> of state government shall have a <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> with the <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> of which he is an <span class="dictionary">officer</span> or <span class="dictionary">employee</span>, other than his own contract of employment. <a id="paragraph-244179" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> No <span class="dictionary">officer</span> or <span class="dictionary">employee</span> of any <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> of state government shall have a <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> with any other <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> of state government unless such contract is (i) awarded as a result of competitive <span class="dictionary">sealed</span> bidding or competitive negotiation as set forth in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Process for competitive sealed bidding" href="/2.2-4302.1/">2.2-4302.1</a> or <a class="law" title="Process for competitive negotiation" href="/2.2-4302.2/">2.2-4302.2</a> or (ii) is awarded after a <span class="dictionary">finding</span>, in writing, by the administrative head of the <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> that competitive bidding or negotiation is contrary to the best interest of the public. <a id="paragraph-244180" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> The provisions of this section shall not apply to: <a id="paragraph-244181" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> An <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s personal interest in additional <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> of employment with his own <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> that accrue to him because of a member of his <span class="dictionary">immediate family</span>, provided that the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> does not exercise any control over the employment or the employment activities of the member of his <span class="dictionary">immediate family</span> and the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> is not in a position to influence those activities; <a id="paragraph-244182" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The personal interest of an <span class="dictionary">officer</span> or <span class="dictionary">employee</span> of a public institution of higher education in additional <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> of employment with his own <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> that accrue to him because of a member of his <span class="dictionary">immediate family</span>, provided that (i) the <span class="dictionary">officer</span> or <span class="dictionary">employee</span> and the <span class="dictionary">immediate family</span> member are engaged in teaching, research, or administrative support positions at the educational institution; (ii) the governing board of the educational institution finds that it is in the best interests of the institution and the Commonwealth for such dual employment to exist; and (iii) after such <span class="dictionary">finding</span>, the governing board of the educational institution ensures that the <span class="dictionary">officer</span> or <span class="dictionary">employee</span>, or the <span class="dictionary">immediate family</span> member, does not have sole authority to supervise, evaluate, or make personnel decisions regarding the other; <a id="paragraph-244183" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> An <span class="dictionary">officer</span>&#x2019;s or <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> of employment with any other <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> of state government; <a id="paragraph-244184" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> <span class="dictionary">Contracts</span> for the sale by a <span class="dictionary">governmental agency</span> of services or goods at uniform prices available to the general public; <a id="paragraph-244185" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> An <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> between a public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth and a publisher or wholesaler of textbooks or other educational <span class="dictionary">materials</span> for students, which accrues to him solely because he has authored or otherwise created such textbooks or <span class="dictionary">materials</span>; <a id="paragraph-244186" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> An <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> with his or her employing public institution of higher education to acquire the collections or scholarly works owned by the <span class="dictionary">employee</span>, including manuscripts, musical scores, poetry, paintings, books or other <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, writings, or papers of an academic, research, or cultural value to the institution, provided that the president of the institution approves the acquisition of such collections or scholarly works as being in the best interests of the institution&#x2019;s public mission of service, research, or education; <a id="paragraph-244187" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C7" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">7.</span> Subject to approval by the board of visitors, an <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> between a public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth that operates a school of medicine or dentistry and a not-for-profit nonstock corporation that operates a clinical practice within such public institution of higher education and of which such <span class="dictionary">employee</span> is a member or <span class="dictionary">employee</span>; <a id="paragraph-244188" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C7"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C8" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">8.</span> Subject to approval by the relevant board of visitors, an <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> for research and development or commercialization of intellectual property between a public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth and a <span class="dictionary">business</span> in which the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> has a personal interest, if (i) the <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s personal interest has been disclosed to and approved by such public institution of higher education prior to the time at which the contract is entered into; (ii) the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> promptly files a <span class="dictionary">disclosure statement</span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Disclosure form" href="/2.2-3117/">2.2-3117</a> and thereafter files such statement annually on or before February 1; (iii) the institution has established a formal policy regarding such <span class="dictionary">contracts</span>, approved by the State <span class="dictionary">Council</span> of Higher Education for Virginia; and (iv) no later than December 31 of each year, the institution files an annual report with the Secretary of the Commonwealth disclosing each open contract entered into subject to this provision, the names of the parties to each contract, the date each contract was executed and its term, the subject of each contractual arrangement, the nature of the <span class="dictionary">conflict of interest</span>, the institution&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">employee</span> responsible for administering each contract, the details of the institution&#x2019;s commitment or investment of resources or finances for each contract, and any other information requested by the Secretary of the Commonwealth; or <a id="paragraph-244189" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C8"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C9" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">9.</span> Subject to approval by the relevant board of visitors, an <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> between a public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth and a <span class="dictionary">business</span> in which the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> has a personal interest, if (i) the personal interest has been disclosed to the institution prior to the time the contract is entered into; (ii) the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> files a <span class="dictionary">disclosure statement</span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Disclosure form" href="/2.2-3117/">2.2-3117</a> and thereafter annually on or before February 1; (iii) the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> does not participate in the institution&#x2019;s decision to contract; (iv) the president of the institution finds and certifies in writing that the contract is for goods and services needed for quality patient care, including related medical education or research, by the institution&#x2019;s medical center, its affiliated teaching hospitals and other organizations necessary for the fulfillment of its mission, including the acquisition of drugs, therapies and medical technologies; and (v) no later than December 31 of each year, the institution files an annual report with the Secretary of the Commonwealth disclosing each open contract entered subject to this provision, the names of the parties to each contract, the date each contract was executed and its term, the subject of each contractual arrangement, the nature of the <span class="dictionary">conflict of interest</span>, the institution&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">employee</span> responsible for administering each contract, the details of the institution&#x2019;s commitment or investment of resources or finances for each contract, and any other information requested by the Secretary of the Commonwealth. <a id="paragraph-244190" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#C9"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivisions C 8 and C 9, if the research and development or commercialization of intellectual property or the <span class="dictionary">employee</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">personal interest in a contract</span> with a <span class="dictionary">business</span> is subject to policies and regulations governing conflicts of interest promulgated by any agency of the United States government, including the adoption of policies requiring the disclosure and management of such conflicts of interests, the policies established by the Eastern Virginia Health Sciences Center at Old Dominion University pursuant to such federal requirements shall constitute compliance with subdivisions C 8 and C 9, upon notification by the Eastern Virginia Health Sciences Center at Old Dominion University to the Secretary of the Commonwealth by January 31 of each year of <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> of their compliance with such federal policies and regulations. <a id="paragraph-244191" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> The board of visitors may delegate the authority granted under subdivision C 8 to the president of the institution. If the board elects to delegate such authority, the board shall include this delegation of authority in the formal policy required by clause (iii) of subdivision C 8. In those instances where the board has delegated such authority, on or before December 1 of each year, the president of the relevant institution shall file a report with the relevant board of visitors disclosing each open contract entered into subject to this provision, the names of the parties to each contract, the date each contract was executed and its term, the subject of each contractual arrangement, the nature of the <span class="dictionary">conflict of interest</span>, the institution&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">employee</span> responsible for administering each contract, the details of the institution&#x2019;s commitment or investment of resources or finances for each contract, the details of how revenues are to be disbursed, and any other information requested by the board of visitors. <a id="paragraph-244192" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/2.2-3106/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1987, Sp. Sess., c. 1, &#xA7; 2.1-639.6; 1989, c. 74; 1991, c. 470; 1993, c. 876; 1995, c. 403; 1998, c. 838; 2001, c. 844; 2002, cc. 87, 478; 2003, c. 646; 2006, c. 839; 2013, c. 583; 2015, cc. 763, 777; 2016, cc. 773, 774; 2023, cc. 351, 352, 756, 778.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
