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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>61195</law_id><section_number>22.1-308</section_number><catch_line>Grievance procedure</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>22.1-295.1</reference><reference>22.1-79</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="22.1">Education</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="15">Teachers, Officers and Employees</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="3">Grievances; Dismissal, Etc., of Teachers</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> The <span class="dictionary">Board</span> of Education shall prescribe a <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> procedure which shall include the following: <a id="paragraph-223638" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Except in the case of <span class="dictionary">dismissal</span> or placing on <span class="dictionary">probation</span>, a first step which shall provide for an informal, initial processing of a <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> by the most immediate appropriate supervisor through a discussion; <a id="paragraph-223639" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> A requirement that all stages of the <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> beyond the first step be in writing on forms prescribed by the Board of Education and supplied by the <span class="dictionary">school board</span>; <a id="paragraph-223640" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> A requirement that in reducing the <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> to writing, the teacher shall specify the specific relief sought through the use of the procedure; <a id="paragraph-223641" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The right of the grievant and the respondent to present appropriate witnesses and be represented by legal <span class="dictionary">counsel</span> and another representative; <a id="paragraph-223642" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> Reasonable time limitations, prescribed by the Board, for the grievant to submit an initial complaint and to <span class="dictionary">appeal</span> each decision through the steps of the <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> procedure which shall correspond generally or be equivalent to the time prescribed for response at each step; <a id="paragraph-223643" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> Termination of the right of the grievant to further <span class="dictionary">appeal</span> upon failure of the grievant to comply with all substantial procedural requirements of the <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> procedure without just cause; <a id="paragraph-223644" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A7" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">7.</span> The right of the grievant, at his option, upon failure of the respondent to comply with all substantial procedural requirements without just cause, to advancement to the next step or, in the final step, to a decision in his favor; <a id="paragraph-223645" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A7"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A8" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">8.</span> A final step which shall provide for a final decision on the <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> by the <span class="dictionary">school board</span>; <a id="paragraph-223646" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A8"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A9" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">9.</span> The provisions of &#xA7;&#xA7; <a class="law" title="Notice to teacher of recommendation of dismissal; school board not to consider merits during notice; superintendent required to provide reasons for recommendation upon request" href="/22.1-309/">22.1-309</a> through <a class="law" title="Decision of school board; generally" href="/22.1-313/">22.1-313</a>. <a id="paragraph-223647" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#A9"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Representatives referred to in subsection A 4 of this section may examine, cross-examine, question and present <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> on behalf of a grievant or respondent in the <span class="dictionary">grievance</span> procedure without being in violation of the provisions of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Penalty for practicing without authority" href="/54.1-3904/">54.1-3904</a>. <a id="paragraph-223648" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Nothing in the procedure shall be construed to restrict any teacher&#x2019;s right to seek or a school division administration&#x2019;s right to provide customary review of complaints that are not included within the definition of a <span class="dictionary">grievance</span>. <a id="paragraph-223649" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/22.1-308/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 22-217.5:2; 1979, c. 298; 1980, c. 559; 1992, c. 679.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
