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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>70162</law_id><section_number>38.2-1367</section_number><catch_line>Actuarial opinion of reserves</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>38.2-1315.1</reference><reference>38.2-1365</reference><reference>38.2-1374</reference><reference>38.2-1375</reference><reference>38.2-1382</reference><reference>38.2-1383</reference><reference>38.2-1385</reference><reference>38.2-4123</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="38.2">Insurance</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="13">Reports, Reserves and Examinations, Insurance Holding Companies, Reinsurance Intermediaries, and Managing General Agents</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="10">Standard Valuation</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> The actuarial <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> prior to the operative date of the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span> shall require: <a id="paragraph-253357" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Every life <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span> doing business in the Commonwealth to annually submit the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> of a <span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span> as to whether the reserves and related actuarial items held in support of the policies and <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> specified by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> by regulation are computed appropriately, are based on assumptions that satisfy contractual provisions, are consistent with prior reported amounts, and comply with applicable <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of the Commonwealth. The <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> shall define by regulation the specifics of this <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> and add any other items deemed to be necessary to its scope. <a id="paragraph-253358" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Every life <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span>, except as exempted by regulation, to annually include in the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required by subdivision 1, an <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> of the same <span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span> as to whether the reserves and related actuarial items held in support of the policies and <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> specified by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> by regulation, when considered in light of the <span class="dictionary">assets</span> held by the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> with respect to the reserves and related actuarial items, including but not limited to the investment earnings on the <span class="dictionary">assets</span> and the considerations anticipated to be received and retained under the policies and <span class="dictionary">contracts</span>, make adequate provision for the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span>&#x2019;s obligations under the policies and <span class="dictionary">contracts</span>, including but not limited to the benefits under and expenses associated with the policies and <span class="dictionary">contracts</span>. The <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> shall specify by regulation the types of reserves and related actuarial items on which the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> is to be expressed.
				The <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> may provide by regulation for a transition period for establishing any higher reserves that the <span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span> may deem necessary in <span class="dictionary">order</span> to render the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required by this section. <a id="paragraph-253359" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Each <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required by subdivision 2 to be governed by the following provisions:
				a. A <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span>, in form and substance acceptable to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> as specified by regulation, shall be prepared to support each actuarial <span class="dictionary">opinion</span>; and
				b. If the <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span> fails to provide a supporting <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> at the request of the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> within a period specified by regulation or the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> determines that the supporting <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> provided by the <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span> fails to meet the standards prescribed by the regulations or is otherwise unacceptable to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>, the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> may engage a <span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span> at the expense of the <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span> to review the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> and the basis for the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> and prepare the supporting <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> required by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>. <a id="paragraph-253360" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> Every <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required by this subsection to be governed by the following provisions:
				a. The <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> shall be submitted with the annual statement filed pursuant to &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Annual statements" href="/38.2-1300/">38.2-1300</a> and shall reflect the valuation of such reserve liabilities for each year ending on or after December 31, 1992.
				b. The <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> shall apply to all business in force including individual and group health insurance plans, in form and substance acceptable to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> as specified by regulation.
				c. The <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> shall be based on standards adopted from time to time by the Actuarial Standards Board and on such additional standards as the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> may by regulation prescribe.
				d. In the case of an <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required to be submitted by a foreign or alien <span class="dictionary">insurer</span>, the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> may accept the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> filed by that <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> with the insurance supervisory official of another <span class="dictionary">state</span> if the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> determines that the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> reasonably meets the requirements applicable to an <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> domiciled in the Commonwealth.
				e. For the purposes of this section, &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span>&#x201D; means a member in good standing of the American Academy of Actuaries who meets the requirements set forth in regulations adopted by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>.
				f. Except in cases of <span class="dictionary">fraud</span> or willful misconduct, the <span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span> shall not be liable for <span class="dictionary">damages</span> to any <span class="dictionary">person</span>, other than the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> and the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>, for any act, error, omission, decision, or conduct with respect to the actuary&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">opinion</span>.
				g. Disciplinary action by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> against the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> or the <span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span> shall be defined in regulations adopted by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>.
				h. Except as provided in subdivisions 4 l, m, and n, documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or other information in the <span class="dictionary">possession</span> or control of the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> that is a <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> in support of the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span>, and any other <span class="dictionary">material</span> provided by the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> in connection with the <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span>, shall be confidential by <span class="dictionary">law</span> and privileged, shall not be subject to <span class="dictionary">subpoena</span>, and shall not be subject to <span class="dictionary">discovery</span> or <span class="dictionary">admissible</span> in <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> in any private <span class="dictionary">civil action</span>. However, the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> is authorized to use the documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or other information in the furtherance of any regulatory or legal action brought as a part of the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>&#x2019;s official duties.
				i. Neither the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> nor any <span class="dictionary">person</span> who received documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or other information while acting under the authority of the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> shall be permitted or required to testify in any private <span class="dictionary">civil action</span> concerning any confidential documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or information subject to subdivision 4 h.
				j. In <span class="dictionary">order</span> to assist in the performance of the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>&#x2019;s duties, the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>: <a id="paragraph-253361" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A41" class="indent-2"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> May share documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or other information, including the confidential and privileged documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or information subject to subdivision 4 h, with other <span class="dictionary">state</span>, federal, and international regulatory agencies, with the <span class="dictionary">NAIC</span> and its affiliates and subsidiaries, and with <span class="dictionary">state</span>, federal, and international <span class="dictionary">law</span>-enforcement authorities, provided that the recipient agrees to maintain the confidentiality and privileged status of the document, <span class="dictionary">material</span>, or other information; <a id="paragraph-253362" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A41"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A42" class="indent-2"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> May receive documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or information, including otherwise confidential and privileged documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or information, from the <span class="dictionary">NAIC</span> and its affiliates and subsidiaries, and from regulatory and <span class="dictionary">law</span>-enforcement officials of other foreign or domestic <span class="dictionary">jurisdictions</span>, and shall maintain as confidential or privileged any document, <span class="dictionary">material</span>, or information received with notice or the understanding that it is confidential or privileged under the <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> that is the source of the document, <span class="dictionary">material</span>, or information; and <a id="paragraph-253363" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A42"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A43" class="indent-2"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> May enter into agreements governing sharing and use of information consistent with subdivisions 4 h, i, and j.
					k. No <span class="dictionary">waiver</span> of any applicable <span class="dictionary">privilege</span> or claim of confidentiality in the documents, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, or information shall occur as a result of disclosure to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> under this section or as a result of sharing as authorized in subdivision 4 j.
					l. A <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> in support of the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span>, and any other <span class="dictionary">material</span> provided by the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> in connection with the <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span>, may be subject to <span class="dictionary">subpoena</span> for the purpose of defending an action seeking <span class="dictionary">damages</span> from the actuary submitting the <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> by reason of an action required by this section or by regulations adopted hereunder.
					m. The <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> or other <span class="dictionary">material</span> may otherwise be released by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> with the written consent of the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> or to the American Academy of Actuaries upon request stating that the <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> or other <span class="dictionary">material</span> is required for the purpose of professional disciplinary proceedings and setting forth procedures satisfactory to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> for preserving the confidentiality of the <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> or other <span class="dictionary">material</span>.
					n. Once any portion of the confidential <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> is cited by the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> in its marketing, is cited before a governmental agency other than a <span class="dictionary">state</span> insurance department, or is released by the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> to the news media, all portions of the confidential <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> shall be no longer confidential. <a id="paragraph-253364" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#A43"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> The actuarial <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> of reserves after the operative date of the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span> shall require: <a id="paragraph-253365" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Every <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> with outstanding life <span class="dictionary">insurance contracts</span>, <span class="dictionary">accident and health insurance</span> contracts, or <span class="dictionary">deposit-type contracts</span> in the Commonwealth and subject to regulation by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> to annually submit the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> of the <span class="dictionary">appointed actuary</span> as to whether the reserves and related actuarial items held in support of the policies and contracts are computed appropriately, are based on assumptions that satisfy contractual provisions, are consistent with prior reported amounts, and comply with applicable <span class="dictionary">laws</span> of the Commonwealth. The <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span> will prescribe the specifics of this <span class="dictionary">opinion</span>, including any items deemed to be necessary to its scope. <a id="paragraph-253366" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Every <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> with outstanding life <span class="dictionary">insurance contracts</span>, <span class="dictionary">accident and health insurance</span> contracts, or <span class="dictionary">deposit-type contracts</span> in the Commonwealth and subject to regulation by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>, except as exempted in the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span>, to annually include in the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required by subdivision 1 an <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> of the same <span class="dictionary">appointed actuary</span> as to whether the reserves and related actuarial items held in support of the policies and contracts specified in the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span>, when considered in light of the <span class="dictionary">assets</span> held by the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> with respect to the reserves and related actuarial items, including but not limited to the investment earnings on the <span class="dictionary">assets</span> and the considerations anticipated to be received and retained under the policies and contracts, make adequate provision for the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span>&#x2019;s obligations under the policies and contracts, including but not limited to the benefits under and expenses associated with the policies and contracts. <a id="paragraph-253367" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Each <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required by subdivision 2 to be governed by the following provisions:
				a. A <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span>, in form and substance as specified in the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span>, and acceptable to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>, shall be prepared to support each actuarial <span class="dictionary">opinion</span>.
				b. If the <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span> fails to provide a supporting <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> at the request of the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> within a period specified in the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span> or the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> determines that the supporting <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> provided by the <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span> fails to meet the standards prescribed by the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span> or is otherwise unacceptable to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>, the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> may engage a <span class="dictionary">qualified actuary</span> at the expense of the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> to review the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> and the basis for the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> and prepare the supporting <span class="dictionary">memorandum</span> required by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>. <a id="paragraph-253368" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#B3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> Every <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required by this subsection to be governed by the following provisions:
				a. The <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> shall be in form and substance as specified in the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span> and acceptable to the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>;
				b. The <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> shall be submitted with the annual statement reflecting the valuation of such reserve liabilities for each year ending on or after the operative date of the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span>;
				c. The <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> shall apply to all policies and contracts subject to subdivision 2, plus other actuarial liabilities as may be specified in the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span>;
				d. The <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> shall be based on standards adopted from time to time by the Actuarial Standards Board or its successor, and on such additional standards as may be prescribed in the <span class="dictionary">valuation manual</span>;
				e. In the case of an <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> required to be submitted by a foreign or alien <span class="dictionary">insurer</span>, the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> may accept the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> filed by that <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> with the insurance supervisory official of another <span class="dictionary">state</span> if the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> determines that the <span class="dictionary">opinion</span> reasonably meets the requirements applicable to an <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> domiciled in the Commonwealth;
				f. Except in cases of <span class="dictionary">fraud</span> or willful misconduct, the <span class="dictionary">appointed actuary</span> shall not be liable for <span class="dictionary">damages</span> to any <span class="dictionary">person</span>, other than the <span class="dictionary">insurance company</span> and the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>, for any act, error, omission, decision, or conduct with respect to the <span class="dictionary">appointed actuary</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">opinion</span>; and
				g. Disciplinary action by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span> against the <span class="dictionary">insurer</span> or the <span class="dictionary">appointed actuary</span> shall be defined in regulations adopted by the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>. <a id="paragraph-253369" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/38.2-1367/#B4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2014, c. 571.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
