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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>77382</law_id><section_number>40.1-33.12</section_number><catch_line>Enforcement; civil penalty</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="40.1">Labor and Employment</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="3">Protection of Employees</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="2.2">Organ Donation Leave</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> The <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall enforce the provisions of this article and shall adopt appropriate guidance for the implementation and enforcement of this article. <a id="paragraph-277565" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/40.1-33.12/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Any person alleging a violation of this article shall have the right to file a complaint with the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> within one year of the date the person knew or should have known of the alleged violation. The <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall encourage reporting pursuant to this subsection by keeping confidential, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable <span class="dictionary">laws</span>, the name and other identifying information of the <span class="dictionary">employee</span> or other person reporting the violation, provided, however, that with the authorization of such person, the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> may disclose the person&#x2019;s name and identifying information as necessary to enforce this article or for other appropriate purposes. <a id="paragraph-277566" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/40.1-33.12/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Upon receiving a complaint alleging a violation of this article, the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall investigate such complaint and attempt to resolve it through mediation between the complainant and the subject of the complaint, or other means. The <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall keep complainants notified regarding the status of their complaint and any resultant investigation. If the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> believes that a violation has occurred, he shall <span class="dictionary">issue</span> to the offending person or <span class="dictionary">employer</span> a notice of violation and the relief required of the offending person or entity. The <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall prescribe the form and wording of such notices of violation, including any method of appealing a decision of the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span>. <a id="paragraph-277567" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/40.1-33.12/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> The <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall notify any <span class="dictionary">employer</span> who he alleges has violated any provision of this article by certified mail. Such notice shall contain a description of the alleged violation. Within 15 days of receipt of notice of the alleged violation, the <span class="dictionary">employer</span> may request an informal conference with the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> regarding such violation. <a id="paragraph-277568" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/40.1-33.12/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> Any such <span class="dictionary">employer</span> who knowingly violates this article shall be subject to a civil <span class="dictionary">penalty</span> not to exceed $1,000 for the first violation and, for subsequent violations that occur within two years of any previous violation, not to exceed $2,500 for the second violation and not to exceed $5,000 for each successive violation. In determining the amount of any civil <span class="dictionary">penalty</span> to be imposed, the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall consider the size of the business of the <span class="dictionary">employer</span> charged and the gravity of the violation. The decision of the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall be final. <a id="paragraph-277569" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/40.1-33.12/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F"><p><span class="prefix-number">F.</span> Civil penalties owed under this article shall be paid to the <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> for deposit into the general fund. The <span class="dictionary">Commissioner</span> shall prescribe procedures for the payment of proposed assessments of civil penalties that are not contested by <span class="dictionary">employers</span>. <a id="paragraph-277570" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/40.1-33.12/#F"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2023, c. 751.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
