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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>86621</law_id><section_number>46.2-112</section_number><catch_line>Tampering with odometer; penalty; civil liability</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>46.2-1506</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="46.2">Motor Vehicles</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="I">General Provisions; Department of Motor Vehicles</unit><unit label="chapter" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="1">General Provisions</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> It shall be unlawful to knowingly cause, either personally or through an <span class="dictionary">agent</span>, the changing, tampering with, disconnection, or nonconnection of any odometer or similar device designed to show by numbers or words the distance which a <span class="dictionary">motor vehicle</span> has traveled or the use it has sustained. <a id="paragraph-310222" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> It shall be unlawful for any person to sell a <span class="dictionary">motor vehicle</span> if he knows or should reasonably know that the odometer or similar device of the <span class="dictionary">motor vehicle</span> has been changed, tampered with, or disconnected to reflect a lesser mileage or use, unless he gives clear and unequivocal notice of such tampering, etc., or of his reasonable belief thereof, to the purchaser in writing prior to the sale. In a <span class="dictionary">prosecution</span> under this subsection, <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> that a person or his <span class="dictionary">agent</span> has changed, tampered with, disconnected, or failed to connect an odometer or similar device of a <span class="dictionary">motor vehicle</span> shall constitute prima facie <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> of knowledge thereof. <a id="paragraph-310223" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> It shall be unlawful for any person to advertise for sale, sell, or use any device designed primarily for the purpose of resetting the odometer or similar device of a <span class="dictionary">motor vehicle</span> in any manner. <a id="paragraph-310224" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> The provisions of this section shall not apply to the following: <a id="paragraph-310225" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The changing of odometer or similar device readings registered in the course of predelivery testing of any <span class="dictionary">motor vehicle</span> by its manufacturer prior to its delivery to a dealer. <a id="paragraph-310226" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#D1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Any necessary repair or replacement of an odometer or similar device, provided that the repaired or replaced odometer or similar device is forthwith set at a reading determined by the reading on the device immediately prior to repair or replacement plus a bona fide estimate of the use of the vehicle sustained between the period when the device ceased to accurately record that use and the time of repair or replacement. Compliance with the requirements of 49 USC &#xA7; 32704 of the Federal Odometer Act in the service, repair, or replacement of an odometer shall be deemed compliance with this subdivision. <a id="paragraph-310227" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#D2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Passenger <span class="dictionary">vehicles</span> having a capacity in excess of 15 persons. <a id="paragraph-310228" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#D3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> <span class="dictionary">Trucks</span> having a net weight in excess of 10,000 pounds. <a id="paragraph-310229" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#D4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> Any person convicted of a violation of the provisions of subsections A through D shall, for a first <span class="dictionary">offense</span>, be fined not more than $10,000 and sentenced to a term of confinement in jail for not more than 12 months, either or both. Any person convicted of a subsequent <span class="dictionary">offense</span> under this section shall be fined not more than $50,000 and sentenced to a term of confinement in a state correctional facility for not less than one year nor more than five years, either or both, for each <span class="dictionary">offense</span> if the <span class="dictionary">offense</span> is committed with the <span class="dictionary">intent</span> thereby to defraud another. Each violation of this section shall constitute a separate <span class="dictionary">offense</span>. <a id="paragraph-310230" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F"><p><span class="prefix-number">F.</span> Any person who with <span class="dictionary">intent</span> to defraud violates subsection A or B shall be liable in a <span class="dictionary">civil action</span> in an amount equal to three times the amount of actual <span class="dictionary">damages</span> sustained or $3,000, whichever is greater. In the case of a successful action to enforce the foregoing liability, the costs of the action, together with reasonable attorney fees as determined by the <span class="dictionary">court</span>, shall be assessed against the person committing the violation. An action under this subsection shall be brought within two years from the date on which liability arises. For the purpose of this subsection, liability arises when the injured <span class="dictionary">party</span> discovers, or with due diligence should have discovered, the violation. <a id="paragraph-310231" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/46.2-112/#F"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1972, c. 851, &#xA7;&#xA7; 46.1-15.1 to 46.1-15.3; 1978, c. 294; 1986, c. 490; 1989, c. 727; 2012, cc. 32, 122.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
