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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>58207</law_id><section_number>51.5-44</section_number><catch_line>Rights of persons with disabilities in public places and places of public accommodation</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>46.2-932.1</reference><reference>51.5-44.1</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="51.5">Persons With Disabilities</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="9">Rights of Persons With Disabilities</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> A <span class="dictionary">person with a disability</span> has the same rights as other persons to the full and free use of the streets, highways, sidewalks, walkways, paths of travel, public playgrounds, public buildings, public facilities, public entities, and other public places. For purposes of this section, a &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">person with a disability</span>&#x201D; means a person whose disability is unrelated to his ability to utilize and benefit from a <span class="dictionary">place of public accommodation</span> or public service. <a id="paragraph-213307" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Each <span class="dictionary">place of public accommodation</span> shall ensure that barriers to accessibility are removed when the removal is <span class="dictionary">readily achievable</span>. To determine whether an action is <span class="dictionary">readily achievable</span>, the following factors shall be considered: <a id="paragraph-213308" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The nature and cost of the action needed to remove the barriers; <a id="paragraph-213309" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The overall financial resources of the <span class="dictionary">place of public accommodation</span> involved in the action; the number of persons employed at the <span class="dictionary">place of public accommodation</span>; the effect on expenses and resources; legitimate safety requirements that are necessary for safe operation, including <span class="dictionary">crime</span> prevention measures; or the impact otherwise of the action upon the operation of the <span class="dictionary">place of public accommodation</span>; <a id="paragraph-213310" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> The geographic separateness and the administrative or fiscal relationship of the <span class="dictionary">place of public accommodation</span> in question to any parent corporation or entity; <a id="paragraph-213311" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#B3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> If applicable, the overall financial resources of any parent corporation or entity; the overall size of the parent corporation or entity with respect to the number of its employees or the number, type, and location of its facilities; and <a id="paragraph-213312" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#B4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> If applicable, the type of operation or operations of any parent corporation or entity, including the composition, structure, and functions of the workforce of the parent corporation or entity.
				A <span class="dictionary">person with a disability</span> is entitled to full and equal accommodations, advantages, facilities, and <span class="dictionary">privileges</span> of all common carriers, airplanes, motor vehicles, railroad trains, motor buses, streetcars, subways, boats or any other public conveyances or modes of transportation, restaurants, hotels, lodging places, places of public accommodation, amusement or resort, public entities including schools, and other places to which the general public is invited subject only to the conditions and limitations established by <span class="dictionary">law</span> and applicable alike to all persons. <a id="paragraph-213313" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#B5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Each town, city, or county, individually or through transportation district commissions, shall ensure that persons with disabilities have access to the public transportation within its <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> by either (i) use of the same transportation facilities or carriers available to the general public, (ii) provision of paratransit or special transportation services for persons with disabilities, or (iii) both. All persons with disabilities in the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>&#x2019;s service area who, by reason of their disabilities, are unable to use the service for the general public shall be eligible to use such paratransit or special transportation service. No fee that exceeds the fee charged to the general public shall be charged a <span class="dictionary">person with a disability</span> for the use of the same transportation facilities or carriers available to the general public. Paratransit or special transportation service for persons with disabilities may charge fees to such persons comparable to the fees charged to the general public for similar service in the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> service area, taking into account especially the type, length, and time of trip. Any variance between special service and regular service fares shall be justifiable in terms of actual differences between the two kinds of service provided. <a id="paragraph-213314" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> Nothing in this title shall be construed to require retrofitting of any public transit equipment or to require the retrofitting, renovation, or alteration of buildings or places to a degree more stringent than that required by the applicable building code in effect at the time the building permit for such building or place is issued. <a id="paragraph-213315" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> Every totally or partially blind person shall have the right to be accompanied by a dog in harness trained as a guide dog, every person who is deaf or hard of hearing shall have the right to be accompanied by a dog trained as a <span class="dictionary">hearing dog</span> on a blaze orange leash, and every mobility-impaired or <span class="dictionary">otherwise disabled person</span> shall have the right to be accompanied by a dog trained as a service dog in a harness, backpack, or vest identifying the dog as a trained service dog in any of the places listed in subsection B without being required to pay an extra charge for the dog, provided that he shall be liable for any damage done to the premises or facilities by such dog. The provisions of this section shall apply to persons accompanied by a dog that is in training, at least six months of age, and is (i) in harness, provided such person is an experienced trainer of guide dogs or is conducting continuing training of a guide dog; (ii) on a blaze orange leash, provided such person is an experienced trainer of <span class="dictionary">hearing dogs</span> or is conducting continuing training of a <span class="dictionary">hearing dog</span>; (iii) in a harness, backpack, or vest identifying the dog as a trained service dog, provided such person is an experienced trainer of <span class="dictionary">service dogs</span> or is conducting continuing training of a service dog; (iv) wearing a jacket identifying the recognized guide, hearing, or service dog organization, provided such person is an experienced trainer of the organization identified on the jacket; or (v) the person is part of a <span class="dictionary">three-unit service dog team</span> and is conducting continuing training of a service dog. <a id="paragraph-213316" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/51.5-44/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 63.1-171.2; 1972, c. 156; 1979, c. 207; 1985, c. 421, &#xA7; 51.01-44; 1987, c. 500; 1989, c. 326; 1994, c. 108; 2001, c. 443; 2008, cc. 431, 506; 2012, cc. 803, 835; 2014, c. 616; 2019, c. 288; 2024, c. 648; 2025, c. 378.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
