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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>60676</law_id><section_number>54.1-3491</section_number><catch_line>Establishment of the Physical Therapy Compact Commission</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="54.1">Professions and Occupations</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="III">Professions and Occupations Regulated by Boards Within the Department of Health Professions</unit><unit label="chapter" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="34.1">Physical Therapy</unit><unit label="article" level="4" order_by="1" identifier="2">Physical Therapy Licensure Compact</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> The Compact member states hereby create and establish a joint public agency known as the Physical Therapy Compact Commission. <a id="paragraph-221769" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The Commission is an instrumentality of the Compact states. <a id="paragraph-221770" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#A1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> <span class="dictionary">Venue</span> is proper and judicial proceedings by or against the Commission shall be brought solely and exclusively in a <span class="dictionary">court</span> of competent <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> where the principal office of the Commission is located. The Commission may <span class="dictionary">waive</span> <span class="dictionary">venue</span> and jurisdictional defenses to the extent that it adopts or consents to participate in <span class="dictionary">alternative dispute resolution</span> proceedings. <a id="paragraph-221771" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#A2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Nothing in this Compact shall be construed to be a <span class="dictionary">waiver</span> of sovereign immunity. <a id="paragraph-221772" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#A3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> Membership, voting, and meetings. <a id="paragraph-221773" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Each member state shall have and be limited to one delegate selected by that member state&#x2019;s licensing <span class="dictionary">board</span>. <a id="paragraph-221774" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The delegate shall be a current member of the licensing <span class="dictionary">board</span> who is a physical therapist, a <span class="dictionary">physical therapist assistant</span>, a public member, or the <span class="dictionary">board</span> administrator. <a id="paragraph-221775" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Any delegate may be removed or suspended from office as provided by the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of the state from which the delegate is appointed. <a id="paragraph-221776" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The member state <span class="dictionary">board</span> shall fill any vacancy occurring in the Commission. <a id="paragraph-221777" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> Each delegate shall be entitled to one vote with regard to the promulgation of rules and creation of bylaws and shall otherwise have an opportunity to participate in the business and affairs of the Commission. <a id="paragraph-221778" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> A delegate shall vote in person or by such other means as provided in the bylaws. The bylaws may provide for delegates&#x2019; participation in meetings by telephone or other means of communication. <a id="paragraph-221779" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B7" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">7.</span> The Commission shall meet at least once during each calendar year. Additional meetings shall be held as set forth in the bylaws. <a id="paragraph-221780" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#B7"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> The Commission shall have the following powers and duties: <a id="paragraph-221781" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Establish the fiscal year of the Commission; <a id="paragraph-221782" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Establish bylaws; <a id="paragraph-221783" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Maintain its financial records in accordance with the bylaws; <a id="paragraph-221784" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> Meet and take such actions as are consistent with the provisions of this Compact and the bylaws; <a id="paragraph-221785" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> Promulgate uniform rules to facilitate and coordinate implementation and administration of this Compact. The rules shall have the force and effect of <span class="dictionary">law</span> and shall be binding in all member states; <a id="paragraph-221786" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> Bring and <span class="dictionary">prosecute</span> legal proceedings or actions in the name of the Commission, provided that the standing of any state physical therapy licensing <span class="dictionary">board</span> to sue or be sued under applicable <span class="dictionary">law</span> shall not be affected; <a id="paragraph-221787" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C7" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">7.</span> Purchase and maintain insurance and <span class="dictionary">bonds</span>; <a id="paragraph-221788" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C7"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C8" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">8.</span> Borrow, accept, or <span class="dictionary">contract</span> for services of personnel, including, but not limited to, employees of a member state; <a id="paragraph-221789" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C8"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C9" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">9.</span> Hire employees, elect or appoint officers, fix compensation, define duties, and grant such individuals appropriate authority to carry out the purposes of the Compact and establish the Commission&#x2019;s personnel policies and programs relating to conflicts of interest, qualifications of personnel, and other related personnel matters; <a id="paragraph-221790" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C9"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C10" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">10.</span> Accept any and all appropriate donations and grants of money, equipment, supplies, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, and services and receive, utilize and dispose of the same, provided that at all times the Commission shall avoid any <span class="dictionary">appearance</span> of impropriety and/or <span class="dictionary">conflict of interest</span>; <a id="paragraph-221791" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C10"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C11" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">11.</span> Lease, purchase, accept appropriate gifts or donations of, or otherwise own, hold, improve, or use any property, real, personal or mixed, provided that at all times the Commission shall avoid any <span class="dictionary">appearance</span> of impropriety; <a id="paragraph-221792" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C11"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C12" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">12.</span> Sell, convey, mortgage, pledge, lease, exchange, abandon, or otherwise dispose of any property, real, personal, or mixed; <a id="paragraph-221793" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C12"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C13" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">13.</span> Establish a budget and make expenditures; <a id="paragraph-221794" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C13"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C14" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">14.</span> Borrow money; <a id="paragraph-221795" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C14"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C15" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">15.</span> Appoint committees, including standing committees composed of members, state regulators, state legislators or their representatives, and consumer representatives and such other interested persons as may be designated in this Compact and the bylaws; <a id="paragraph-221796" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C15"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C16" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">16.</span> Provide and receive information from, and cooperate with, <span class="dictionary">law</span>-enforcement agencies; <a id="paragraph-221797" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C16"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C17" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">17.</span> Establish and elect an Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span>; and <a id="paragraph-221798" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C17"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C18" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">18.</span> Perform such other functions as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this Compact consistent with the state regulation of physical therapy licensure and practice. <a id="paragraph-221799" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#C18"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> The Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span>.
			The Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span> shall have the power to act on behalf of the Commission according to the terms of this Compact. <a id="paragraph-221800" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span> shall be composed of nine members as follows:
				a. Seven voting members who are elected by the Commission from the current membership of the Commission;
				b. One ex officio, nonvoting member from the recognized national physical therapy professional association; and
				c. One ex officio, nonvoting member from the recognized membership organization of the physical therapy licensing <span class="dictionary">boards</span>. <a id="paragraph-221801" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#D1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The ex officio members will be selected by their respective organizations. <a id="paragraph-221802" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#D2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> The Commission may remove any member of the Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span> as provided in bylaws. <a id="paragraph-221803" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#D3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span> shall meet at least annually. <a id="paragraph-221804" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#D4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> The Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span> shall have the following duties and responsibilities:
				a. Recommend to the entire Commission changes to the rules or bylaws, changes to this Compact legislation, fees paid by Compact member states such as annual dues, and any Commission Compact fee charged to licensees for the compact <span class="dictionary">privilege</span>;
				b. Ensure Compact administration services are appropriately provided, contractual or otherwise;
				c. Prepare and recommend the budget;
				d. Maintain financial records on behalf of the Commission;
				e. Monitor Compact compliance of member states and provide compliance reports to the Commission;
				f. Establish additional committees as necessary; and
				g. Perform other duties as provided in rules or bylaws. <a id="paragraph-221805" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#D5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> Meetings of the Commission. <a id="paragraph-221806" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> All meetings shall be open to the public, and public notice of meetings shall be given in the same manner as required under the rulemaking provisions in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Rulemaking" href="/54.1-3493/">54.1-3493</a>. <a id="paragraph-221807" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#E1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The Commission or the Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span> or other committees of the Commission may convene in a closed, nonpublic meeting if the Commission or Executive <span class="dictionary">Board</span> or other committees of the Commission must discuss:
				a. Noncompliance of a member state with its obligations under the Compact;
				b. The employment, compensation, discipline, or other matters, practices, or procedures related to specific employees or other matters related to the Commission&#x2019;s internal personnel practices and procedures;
				c. Current, threatened, or reasonably anticipated <span class="dictionary">litigation</span>;
				d. Negotiation of <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> for the purchase, lease, or sale of goods, services, or real estate;
				e. Accusing any person of a <span class="dictionary">crime</span> or formally censuring any person;
				f. Disclosure of trade secrets or commercial or financial information that is privileged or confidential;
				g. Disclosure of information of a personal nature where disclosure would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy;
				h. Disclosure of investigative records compiled for <span class="dictionary">law</span>-enforcement purposes;
				i. Disclosure of information related to any investigative reports prepared by or on behalf of or for use of the Commission or other committee charged with responsibility of investigation or determination of compliance <span class="dictionary">issues</span> pursuant to the Compact; or
				j. Matters specifically exempted from disclosure by federal or member state <span class="dictionary">statute</span>. <a id="paragraph-221808" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#E2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> If a meeting or portion of a meeting is closed pursuant to this provision, the Commission&#x2019;s legal <span class="dictionary">counsel</span> or designee shall certify that the meeting may be closed and shall reference each relevant exempting provision. <a id="paragraph-221809" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#E3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The Commission shall keep minutes that fully and clearly describe all matters discussed in a meeting and shall provide a full and accurate summary of actions taken and the reasons therefor, including a description of the views expressed. All documents considered in connection with an action shall be identified in such minutes. All minutes and documents of a closed meeting shall remain under seal, subject to release by a majority vote of the Commission or <span class="dictionary">order</span> of a <span class="dictionary">court</span> of competent <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>. <a id="paragraph-221810" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#E4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F"><p><span class="prefix-number">F.</span> Financing of the Commission. <a id="paragraph-221811" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#F"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The Commission shall pay or provide for the payment of the reasonable expenses of its establishment, organization, and ongoing activities. <a id="paragraph-221812" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#F1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The Commission may accept any and all appropriate revenue sources, donations, and grants of money, equipment, supplies, <span class="dictionary">materials</span>, and services. <a id="paragraph-221813" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#F2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> The Commission may <span class="dictionary">levy</span> on and collect an annual assessment from each member state or impose fees on other parties to cover the cost of the operations and activities of the Commission and its staff, which must be in a total amount sufficient to cover its annual budget as approved each year for which revenue is not provided by other sources. The aggregate annual assessment amount shall be allocated based upon a formula to be determined by the Commission, which shall promulgate a rule binding upon all member states. <a id="paragraph-221814" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#F3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The Commission shall not incur obligations of any kind prior to securing the funds adequate to meet the same; nor shall the Commission pledge the credit of any of the member states, except by and with the authority of the member state. <a id="paragraph-221815" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#F4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> The Commission shall keep accurate accounts of all receipts and disbursements. The receipts and disbursements of the Commission shall be subject to the audit and accounting procedures established under its bylaws. However, all receipts and disbursements of funds handled by the Commission shall be audited yearly by a certified or licensed public accountant, and the report of the audit shall be included in and become part of the annual report of the Commission. <a id="paragraph-221816" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#F5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="G"><p><span class="prefix-number">G.</span> Qualified immunity, defense, and indemnification. <a id="paragraph-221817" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#G"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="G1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The members, officers, executive director, employees, and representatives of the Commission shall be immune from suit and liability, either personally or in their official capacity, for any claim for damage to or loss of property or personal injury or other civil liability caused by or arising out of any actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred or that the person against whom the claim is made had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to protect any such person from suit and/or liability for any damage, loss, injury, or liability caused by the intentional or willful or wanton misconduct of that person. <a id="paragraph-221818" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#G1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="G2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The Commission shall defend any member, officer, executive director, employee, or representative of the Commission in any <span class="dictionary">civil action</span> seeking to impose liability arising out of any actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities or that the person against whom the claim is made had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that nothing herein shall be construed to prohibit that person from retaining his or her own <span class="dictionary">counsel</span> and provided further that the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from that person&#x2019;s intentional or willful or wanton misconduct. <a id="paragraph-221819" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#G2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="G3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> The Commission shall indemnify and hold harmless any member, officer, executive director, employee, or representative of the Commission for the amount of any <span class="dictionary">settlement</span> or <span class="dictionary">judgment</span> obtained against that person arising out of any actual or alleged act, error, or omission that occurred within the scope of Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities or that such person had a reasonable basis for believing occurred within the scope of Commission employment, duties, or responsibilities, provided that the actual or alleged act, error, or omission did not result from the intentional or willful or wanton misconduct of that person. <a id="paragraph-221820" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/54.1-3491/#G3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2019, c. 300.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
