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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>76379</law_id><section_number>54.1-400</section_number><catch_line>Definitions</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>13.1-1111</reference><reference>13.1-549</reference><reference>15.2-2245</reference><reference>15.2-961.1</reference><reference>2.2-1133</reference><reference>2.2-1515</reference><reference>2.2-4303.2</reference><reference>25.1-203</reference><reference>32.1-163.5</reference><reference>32.1-163.6</reference><reference>33.2-1011</reference><reference>33.2-319</reference><reference>38.2-1845.12</reference><reference>40.1-142</reference><reference>54.1-1102</reference><reference>54.1-1103</reference><reference>54.1-2201</reference><reference>54.1-2344</reference><reference>54.1-402.1</reference><reference>54.1-404</reference><reference>54.1-408</reference><reference>54.1-409</reference><reference>55.1-609</reference><reference>56-257.2:1</reference><reference>62.1-44.15:27.3</reference><reference>62.1-44.15:28</reference><reference>62.1-44.15:30</reference><reference>62.1-44.15:51</reference><reference>62.1-44.15:53</reference><reference>9.1-140</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="54.1">Professions and Occupations</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="II">Professions and Occupations Regulated by the Department of Professional and Occupational Regulation and Boards Within the Department</unit><unit label="chapter" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="4">Architects, Engineers, Surveyors, Landscape Architects and Interior Designers</unit><unit label="article" level="4" order_by="1" identifier="1">Architects, Engineers, Surveyors and Landscape Architects</unit></structure><text>
						<section><p>As used in this chapter unless the context requires a different meaning:
		&#x201C;Architect&#x201D; means a person who, by reason of his knowledge of the mathematical and physical sciences, and the principles of architecture and architectural design, acquired by professional education, practical experience, or both, is qualified to engage in the <span class="dictionary">practice of architecture</span> and whose competence has been attested by the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> through licensure as an architect.
		The &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">practice of architecture</span>&#x201D; means any service wherein the principles and methods of architecture are applied, such as consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning and design, and includes the responsible administration of construction <span class="dictionary">contracts</span>, in connection with any private or public buildings, structures or projects, or the related equipment or accessories.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Board</span>&#x201D; means the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> for Architects, <span class="dictionary">Professional Engineers</span>, <span class="dictionary">Land Surveyors</span>, <span class="dictionary">Certified Interior Designers</span> and <span class="dictionary">Landscape Architects</span>.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Certified interior designer</span>&#x201D; means a design professional who meets the criteria of education, experience, and testing in the rendering of <span class="dictionary">interior design</span> services established by the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> through certification as an interior designer.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Improvements to real property</span>&#x201D; means any valuable addition or amelioration made to land and generally whatever is erected on or affixed to land which is intended to enhance its value, beauty or utility, or adapt it to new or further purposes. Examples of <span class="dictionary">improvements to real property</span> include, but are not limited to, structures, buildings, machinery, equipment, electrical systems, mechanical systems, roads, and water and wastewater treatment and distribution systems.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Interior design</span>&#x201D; by a <span class="dictionary">certified interior designer</span> means any service rendered wherein the principles and methodology of <span class="dictionary">interior design</span> are applied in connection with the identification, research, and creative solution of problems pertaining to the function and quality of the interior environment. Such services relative to interior spaces shall include the preparation of documents for nonload-bearing interior construction, furnishings, fixtures, and equipment in <span class="dictionary">order</span> to enhance and protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Land surveyor</span>&#x201D; means a person who, by reason of his knowledge of the several sciences and of the principles of land surveying, and of the planning and design of land developments acquired by practical experience and formal education, is qualified to engage in the <span class="dictionary">practice of land surveying</span>, and whose competence has been attested by the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> through licensure as a <span class="dictionary">land surveyor</span>.
		The &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">practice of land surveying</span>&#x201D; includes surveying of areas for a determination or correction, a description, the establishment or reestablishment of internal and external land boundaries, or the determination of topography, contours or location of physical improvements, and also includes the <span class="dictionary">planning of land and subdivisions thereof</span>. The term &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">planning of land and subdivisions thereof</span>&#x201D; shall include, but not be limited to, the preparation of incidental plans and profiles for roads, streets and sidewalks, grading, drainage on the surface, culverts and erosion control measures, with reference to existing state or local standards.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Landscape architect</span>&#x201D; means a person who, by reason of his special knowledge of natural, physical and mathematical sciences, and the principles and methodology of landscape architecture and landscape architectural design acquired by professional education, practical experience, or both, is qualified to engage in the <span class="dictionary">practice of landscape architecture</span> and whose competence has been attested by the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> through licensure as a <span class="dictionary">landscape architect</span>.
		The &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">practice of landscape architecture</span>&#x201D; by a licensed <span class="dictionary">landscape architect</span> means any service wherein the principles and methodology of landscape architecture are applied in consultation, evaluation, planning (including the preparation and filing of sketches, drawings, plans and specifications) and responsible supervision or administration of <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> relative to projects principally directed at the functional and aesthetic use of land.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Professional engineer</span>&#x201D; means a person who is qualified to practice engineering by reason of his special knowledge and use of mathematical, physical and engineering sciences and the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design acquired by engineering education and experience, and whose competence has been attested by the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> through licensure as a <span class="dictionary">professional engineer</span>.
		The &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">practice of engineering</span>&#x201D; means any service wherein the principles and methods of engineering are applied to, but are not necessarily limited to, the following areas: consultation, investigation, evaluation, planning and design of public or private utilities, structures, machines, equipment, processes, transportation systems and work systems, including responsible administration of construction <span class="dictionary">contracts</span>. The term &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">practice of engineering</span>&#x201D; shall not include the service or maintenance of existing electrical or mechanical systems.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Residential wastewater</span>&#x201D; means sewage (i) generated by residential or <span class="dictionary">accessory</span> uses, not containing storm water or industrial influent, and having no other toxic, or hazardous constituents not routinely found in <span class="dictionary">residential wastewater</span> flows, or (ii) as certified by a <span class="dictionary">professional engineer</span>.
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Responsible charge</span>&#x201D; means the direct control and supervision of the <span class="dictionary">practice of architecture</span>, professional engineering, landscape architecture, or land surveying.</p></section></text><history>1970, c. 671, &#xA7; 54-17.1; 1974, c. 534; 1980, c. 757; 1982, c. 590; 1984, c. 437; 1988, c. 765; 1990, c. 512; 1992, cc. 780, 783; 1998, c. 27; 2008, c. 68; 2009, c. 309.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
