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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>58879</law_id><section_number>55.1-2134</section_number><catch_line>Executive board members and officers</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>55.1-2130</reference><reference>55.1-2135</reference><reference>55.1-2136</reference><reference>55.1-2182</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="55.1">Property and Conveyances</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="IV">Common Interest Communities</unit><unit label="chapter" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="21">Virginia Real Estate Cooperative Act</unit><unit label="article" level="4" order_by="1" identifier="3">Management of Cooperatives</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> Except as provided in the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span>, the bylaws, subsection B, or other provisions of this chapter, the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> may act in all instances on behalf of the <span class="dictionary">association</span>. In the performance of their duties, the officers and members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> are required to exercise (i) the care required of fiduciaries of the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> if appointed by the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> and (ii) ordinary and reasonable care if elected by the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span>. <a id="paragraph-215884" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-2134/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> The <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> may not act on behalf of the <span class="dictionary">association</span> to <span class="dictionary">amend</span> the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span>; to terminate the <span class="dictionary">cooperative</span>; to elect members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span>, except as provided in the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span> pursuant to subsection F; or to determine the qualifications, powers, and duties or terms of office of <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> members. The <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> may fill vacancies in its membership for the unexpired portion of any term. <a id="paragraph-215885" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-2134/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Within 30 days after adoption of any proposed budget for the <span class="dictionary">cooperative</span>, the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> shall provide a summary of the budget to all the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> and shall set a date for a meeting of the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> to consider ratification of the budget. Such meeting shall be held not less than 14 nor more than 30 days after mailing of the summary. The meeting place, date, and time shall be provided with the budget summary. Unless at that meeting a majority of all the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> or any larger vote specified in the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span> reject the budget, the budget is ratified, whether or not a quorum is present. In the event the proposed budget is rejected, the periodic budget last ratified by the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> shall be continued until such time as the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> ratify a subsequent budget proposed by the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span>. <a id="paragraph-215886" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-2134/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> Subject to subsection E, the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span> may provide for a period of <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> control of the <span class="dictionary">association</span>, during which period a <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>, or <span class="dictionary">persons</span> designated by him, may appoint and remove the officers and members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span>. Regardless of the period provided in the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span>, a period of <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> control terminates no later than the earlier of (i) 60 days after conveyance of 75 percent of the <span class="dictionary">cooperative interests</span> that may be created to <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> other than a <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>, (ii) two years after all <span class="dictionary">declarants</span> have ceased to offer <span class="dictionary">cooperative interests</span> for sale in the ordinary course of business, or (iii) two years after any development right to add new <span class="dictionary">units</span> was last exercised. A <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> may voluntarily surrender the right to appoint and remove officers and members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> before termination of that period, but in that event he may require, for the duration of the period of <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> control, that specified actions of the <span class="dictionary">association</span> or <span class="dictionary">executive board</span>, as described in a recorded instrument executed by the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>, be approved by the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> before they become effective. <a id="paragraph-215887" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-2134/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> No later than 60 days after conveyance of 25 percent of the <span class="dictionary">cooperative interests</span> that may be created to <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> other than a <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>, at least one member and at least 25 percent of the members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> must be elected by <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> other than the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>. No later than 60 days after conveyance of 50 percent of the <span class="dictionary">cooperative interests</span> that may be created to <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> other than a <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>, at least one-third of the members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> must be elected by <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> other than the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>. <a id="paragraph-215888" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-2134/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="F"><p><span class="prefix-number">F.</span> Unless the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span> provides for the selection of one or more independent members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span>, no later than the termination of any period of <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> control the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> shall elect an <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> of at least three members, at least a majority of whom must be <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span>. To the extent that the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span> so provides, the members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> appointed by the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> may continue to serve out their terms, and the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> may continue to appoint a minority of the members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> until all of the <span class="dictionary">development rights</span> reserved by the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span> have been exercised or have expired. In addition, the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span> may provide for the selection of one or more independent members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span>, who are neither <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> nor affiliated directly or indirectly in any way with the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>, by a vote of two-thirds of the members of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span>. The <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> shall elect the officers. The <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> members and officers shall take office upon election. <a id="paragraph-215889" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-2134/#F"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="G"><p><span class="prefix-number">G.</span> Notwithstanding any provision of the <span class="dictionary">declaration</span> or bylaws to the contrary, the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span>, by a two-thirds vote of all <span class="dictionary">persons</span> entitled to vote at any meeting of the <span class="dictionary">proprietary lessees</span> at which a quorum is present, may remove any member of the <span class="dictionary">executive board</span> with or without cause, other than a member appointed by the <span class="dictionary">declarant</span>. <a id="paragraph-215890" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-2134/#G"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1982, c. 277, &#xA7; 55-460; 2004, c. 242; 2019, c. 712.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
