<?xml version="1.0"?>
<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>79247</law_id><section_number>55.1-900</section_number><catch_line>Definitions</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>38.2-4616</reference><reference>43-4.01</reference><reference>55.1-2218</reference><reference>6.2-888</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="55.1">Property and Conveyances</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="II">Real Estate Settlements and Recordation</unit><unit label="chapter" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="9">Real Estate Settlements</unit></structure><text>
						<section><p>As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:
		&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Disbursement of loan funds</span>&#x201D; means the delivery of the loan funds by the <span class="dictionary">lender</span> to the <span class="dictionary">settlement agent</span> in one or more of the following forms:</p></section>
						<section id="1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Cash; <a id="paragraph-283738" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="2"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Wired funds; <a id="paragraph-283739" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="3"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Certified check; <a id="paragraph-283740" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="4"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> Checks issued by the Commonwealth or a political subdivision of the Commonwealth; <a id="paragraph-283741" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="5"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> Cashier&#x2019;s check, or teller&#x2019;s check with equivalent funds availability in conformity with the federal Expedited Funds Availability Act (12 U.S.C. &#xA7; 4001 et seq.); <a id="paragraph-283742" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="6"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> Checks issued by a financial institution, the accounts of which are insured by an agency of the federal or state government, which checks are drawn on a financial institution located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District, the accounts of which are insured by an agency of the federal or state government; <a id="paragraph-283743" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="7"><p><span class="prefix-number">7.</span> Drafts issued by a state chartered or federally chartered credit union; <a id="paragraph-283744" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#7"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="8"><p><span class="prefix-number">8.</span> Checks issued by an insurance company licensed and regulated by the State Corporation Commission, which checks are drawn on a financial institution located within the Fifth Federal Reserve District, the accounts of which are insured by an agency of the federal government; or <a id="paragraph-283745" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#8"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="9"><p><span class="prefix-number">9.</span> Checks issued by a state or federal savings and loan association or savings bank operating in the Commonwealth, which checks are drawn on the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Disbursement of settlement proceeds</span>&#x201D; means the payment of all proceeds of the transaction by the <span class="dictionary">settlement agent</span> to the persons entitled to such proceeds.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Lender</span>&#x201D; means any person regularly engaged in making loans secured by mortgages or deeds of trust on real estate.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Loan closing</span>&#x201D; means the time agreed upon by the borrower and <span class="dictionary">lender</span>, when the execution of the <span class="dictionary">loan documents</span> by the borrower occurs.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Loan documents</span>&#x201D; means the note evidencing the debt due the <span class="dictionary">lender</span>, the deed of trust, or the mortgage securing the debt due the <span class="dictionary">lender</span> and any other documents required by the <span class="dictionary">lender</span> to be executed by the borrower as a part of the transaction.
			&#x201C;Loan funds&#x201D; means the gross or net proceeds of the loan to be disbursed by the <span class="dictionary">lender</span> at <span class="dictionary">loan closing</span>.
			&#x201C;Settlement&#x201D; means the time when the <span class="dictionary">settlement agent</span> has received the duly executed deed, loan funds, <span class="dictionary">loan documents</span>, and other documents and funds required to carry out the terms of the <span class="dictionary">contract</span> between the parties and the <span class="dictionary">settlement agent</span> reasonably determines that prerecordation conditions of such <span class="dictionary">contracts</span> have been satisfied. A determination by a <span class="dictionary">settlement agent</span> that prerecordation conditions have been satisfied shall not control the rights and obligations of the parties under the <span class="dictionary">contract</span>, including whether settlement has occurred under the terms and conditions of the <span class="dictionary">contract</span>. &#x201C;Parties,&#x201D; as used in this definition, means the seller, purchaser, borrower, <span class="dictionary">lender</span>, and <span class="dictionary">settlement agent</span>.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Settlement agent</span>&#x201D; means the person responsible for conducting the settlement and disbursement of the settlement proceeds and includes any individual, corporation, partnership, or other entity conducting the settlement and disbursement of loan proceeds.
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Settlement service provider</span>&#x201D; means any person providing settlement services, as that term is defined under the federal Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act (12 U.S.C. &#xA7; 2601 et seq.).
			&#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Thing of value</span>&#x201D; means any payment, advance, funds, loan, service, or other consideration. <a id="paragraph-283746" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/55.1-900/#9"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1980, c. 730, &#xA7; 6.1-2.10; 1981, c. 86; 1984, c. 118; 1987, cc. 576, 577; 1990, c. 340; 1991, c. 254; 1999, c. 109; 2008, c. 514; 2010, c. 794, &#xA7; 55-525.8; 2019, c. 712.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
