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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>64229</law_id><section_number>59.1-508.3</section_number><catch_line>Contractual modification of remedy</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>59.1-508.1</reference><reference>59.1-508.4</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="59.1">Trade and Commerce</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="43">Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="8">Remedies</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> Except as otherwise provided in this section and in &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Liquidation of damages" href="/59.1-508.4/">59.1-508.4</a>: <a id="paragraph-233828" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/59.1-508.3/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> an agreement may provide for remedies in addition to or in substitution for those provided in this chapter and may limit or alter the measure of <span class="dictionary">damages</span> recoverable under this chapter or a <span class="dictionary">party</span>&#x2019;s other remedies under this chapter, such as by precluding a <span class="dictionary">party</span>&#x2019;s right to cancel for breach of <span class="dictionary">contract</span>, limiting remedies to returning or delivering copies and repayment of the <span class="dictionary">contract</span> fee, or limiting remedies to repair or replacement of the nonconforming copies; and <a id="paragraph-233829" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/59.1-508.3/#a1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> resort to a contractual remedy is optional unless the remedy is expressly agreed to be exclusive, in which case it is the sole remedy. <a id="paragraph-233830" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/59.1-508.3/#a2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> Subject to subsection (c), if performance of an exclusive or limited remedy causes the remedy to fail of its essential purpose, the <span class="dictionary">aggrieved party</span> may pursue other remedies under this chapter. <a id="paragraph-233831" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/59.1-508.3/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="c"><p><span class="prefix-number">c.</span> Failure or unconscionability of an agreed exclusive or limited remedy makes a term disclaiming or limiting consequential or incidental <span class="dictionary">damages</span> unenforceable unless the agreement expressly makes the disclaimer or limitation independent of the agreed remedy. <a id="paragraph-233832" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/59.1-508.3/#c"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d"><p><span class="prefix-number">d.</span> Consequential <span class="dictionary">damages</span> and incidental <span class="dictionary">damages</span> may be excluded or limited by agreement unless the exclusion or limitation is unconscionable. Exclusion or limitation of consequential <span class="dictionary">damages</span> for personal injury in a consumer <span class="dictionary">contract</span> for a computer program that is subject to this chapter and is contained in consumer goods is prima facie unconscionable, but exclusion or limitation of <span class="dictionary">damages</span> for a commercial loss is not unconscionable. <a id="paragraph-233833" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/59.1-508.3/#d"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2000, cc. 101, 996.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
