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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>70065</law_id><section_number>63.2-1203</section_number><catch_line>When consent is withheld or unobtainable</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="63.2">Welfare (Social Services)</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="III">Social Services Programs</unit><unit label="chapter" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="12">Adoption</unit><unit label="article" level="4" order_by="1" identifier="1">General Provisions</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> If, after consideration of the <span class="dictionary">evidence</span>, the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> finds that the valid consent of any person or agency whose consent is required is withheld contrary to the best interests of the <span class="dictionary">child</span> as set forth in &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Best interests of the child; standards for determining" href="/63.2-1205/">63.2-1205</a>, or is unobtainable, the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> may grant the <span class="dictionary">petition</span> without such consent: <a id="paragraph-253069" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/63.2-1203/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Fifteen days after personal service of notice of <span class="dictionary">petition</span> on the <span class="dictionary">party</span> or parties whose consent is required by this section; <a id="paragraph-253070" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/63.2-1203/#A1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> If personal service is unobtainable, 10 days after the completion of the execution of an <span class="dictionary">order</span> of publication against the <span class="dictionary">party</span> or parties whose consent is required by this section concerning the <span class="dictionary">petition</span>; <a id="paragraph-253071" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/63.2-1203/#A2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> If a <span class="dictionary">birth parent</span> is deceased, upon the filing of a death certificate for a deceased <span class="dictionary">birth parent</span> with the <span class="dictionary">court</span>; or <a id="paragraph-253072" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/63.2-1203/#A3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> If the <span class="dictionary">judge</span> certifies on the record that the identity of any person whose consent is hereinabove required is not reasonably ascertainable.
				An <span class="dictionary">affidavit</span> of the birth mother that the identity of the birth father is not reasonably ascertainable shall be sufficient <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> of this <span class="dictionary">fact</span>, provided there is no other <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> before the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> that would refute such an <span class="dictionary">affidavit</span>. The absence of such an <span class="dictionary">affidavit</span> shall not be deemed <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> that the identity of the birth father is reasonably ascertainable. For purposes of determining whether the identity of the birth father is reasonably ascertainable, the standard of what is reasonable under the circumstances shall control, taking into account the relative interests of the <span class="dictionary">child</span>, the birth mother and the birth father. <a id="paragraph-253073" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/63.2-1203/#A4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> If the <span class="dictionary">child</span> is not in the <span class="dictionary">custody</span> of a <span class="dictionary"><span class="dictionary">child</span>-placing agency</span> and both parents are deceased, the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span>, after <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> to that effect, may grant the <span class="dictionary">petition</span> without the filing of any consent. <a id="paragraph-253074" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/63.2-1203/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> In an adoption proceeding where the consent of a <span class="dictionary">birth parent</span> is required, but the <span class="dictionary">petition</span> for adoption alleges that the <span class="dictionary">birth parent</span> is withholding consent to the adoption, the <span class="dictionary">court</span> shall provide written notice to the <span class="dictionary">birth parent</span> of his right to be represented by <span class="dictionary">counsel</span> prior to any <span class="dictionary">hearing</span> or decision on the <span class="dictionary">petition</span>. Upon request, the <span class="dictionary">court</span> shall appoint <span class="dictionary">counsel</span> for any such <span class="dictionary">birth parent</span> if such parent has been determined to be <span class="dictionary">indigent</span> by the <span class="dictionary">court</span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Determination of indigency; guidelines; statement of indigence; appointment of counsel" href="/19.2-159/">19.2-159</a>. <a id="paragraph-253075" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/63.2-1203/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 63-351; 1954, c. 489; 1956, c. 300; 1960, c. 331; 1962, c. 603; 1968, c. 578, &#xA7; 63.1-225; 1972, cc. 73, 475, 823; 1974, c. 620; 1978, cc. 730, 735, 744; 1985, c. 18; 1986, c. 387; 1989, c. 647; 1993, c. 553; 1995, cc. 772, 826; 1999, c. 1028; 2000, c. 830, &#xA7; 63.1-219.11; 2002, c. 747; 2009, c. 805; 2012, c. 425.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
