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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>57777</law_id><section_number>64.2-312</section_number><catch_line>Source, determination, and documentation of family allowance, exempt property, and homestead allowance; petition for relief</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="64.2">Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries</unit><unit label="subtitle" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="II">Wills and Decedents' Estates</unit><unit label="chapter" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="3">Rights of Married Persons</unit><unit label="article" level="4" order_by="1" identifier="2">Exempt Property and Allowances</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> Property specifically bequeathed or devised shall not be used to satisfy the right to exempt property and the homestead allowance if there are sufficient <span class="dictionary">assets</span> in the estate otherwise to satisfy such rights. Subject to this restriction, the surviving spouse or the guardian of the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> children may select <span class="dictionary">property of the estate</span> as exempt property and the homestead allowance. The <span class="dictionary">personal representative</span> may make these selections if the surviving spouse or the guardian of the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> children is unable or fails to do so within a reasonable time, or if there is no guardian of the <span class="dictionary">minor</span> children. The <span class="dictionary">personal representative</span> may execute a deed of distribution to establish the ownership of property taken as the homestead allowance or exempt property, which deed, if executed, shall (i) describe the property with reasonable certainty and (ii) state the <span class="dictionary">value</span> of each asset included therein. The <span class="dictionary">personal representative</span> may determine the family allowance in a lump sum or periodic installments in accordance with &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Family allowance" href="/64.2-309/">64.2-309</a>. The <span class="dictionary">personal representative</span> may disburse funds of the estate in payment of the family allowance and in payment of any part of the exempt property or the homestead allowance that is payable in cash. <a id="paragraph-211600" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/64.2-312/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> The <span class="dictionary">personal representative</span> or any interested person aggrieved by any selection, determination, payment, proposed payment, or failure to act under this section may <span class="dictionary">petition</span> the <span class="dictionary">circuit</span> <span class="dictionary">court</span> for appropriate relief, including the award of a family allowance that is larger or smaller than what the <span class="dictionary">personal representative</span> determined or could have determined. Such <span class="dictionary">petition</span> may be <span class="dictionary">ex parte</span>; provided, however, that the <span class="dictionary">court</span> in its discretion may require such notice to and the convening of interested parties as it may deem proper in each case. <a id="paragraph-211601" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/64.2-312/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1981, c. 580, &#xA7; 64.1-151.4; 1996, c. 549; 2001, c. 368; 2012, c. 614.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
