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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>57726</law_id><section_number>8.3A-307</section_number><catch_line>Notice of breach of fiduciary duty</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>8.3A-206</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.3A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Negotiable Instruments</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="3">Enforcement of Instruments</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> In this section: <a id="paragraph-211444" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Fiduciary</span>&#x201D; means an agent, trustee, partner, corporate officer or director, or other representative owing a <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> duty with respect to an instrument. <a id="paragraph-211445" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#a1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> &#x201C;<span class="dictionary">Represented person</span>&#x201D; means the principal, beneficiary, partnership, corporation, or other person to whom the duty stated in paragraph (1) is owed. <a id="paragraph-211446" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#a2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> If (i) an instrument is taken from a <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> for payment or collection or for value, (ii) the taker has knowledge of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> status of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span>, and (iii) the <span class="dictionary">represented person</span> makes a claim to the instrument or its proceeds on the basis that the transaction of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> is a breach of <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> duty, the following rules apply: <a id="paragraph-211447" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Notice of breach of <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> duty by the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> is notice of the claim of the <span class="dictionary">represented person</span>. <a id="paragraph-211448" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#b1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> In the case of an instrument payable to the <span class="dictionary">represented person</span> or the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> as such, the taker has notice of the breach of <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> duty if the instrument is (i) taken in payment of or as security for a debt known by the taker to be the personal debt of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span>, (ii) taken in a transaction known by the taker to be for the personal benefit of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span>, or (iii) deposited to an account other than an account of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span>, as such, or an account of the <span class="dictionary">represented person</span>. <a id="paragraph-211449" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#b2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> If an instrument is issued by the <span class="dictionary">represented person</span> or the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> as such, and made payable to the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> personally, the taker does not have notice of the breach of <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> duty unless the taker knows of the breach of <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> duty. <a id="paragraph-211450" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#b3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> If an instrument is issued by the <span class="dictionary">represented person</span> or the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> as such, to the taker as payee, the taker has notice of the breach of <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span> duty if the instrument is (i) taken in payment of or as security for a debt known by the taker to be the personal debt of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span>, (ii) taken in a transaction known by the taker to be for the personal benefit of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span>, or (iii) deposited to an account other than an account of the <span class="dictionary">fiduciary</span>, as such, or an account of the <span class="dictionary">represented person</span>. <a id="paragraph-211451" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.3A-307/#b4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 6-408; 1964, c. 219, &#xA7; 8.3-304; 1992, c. 693.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
