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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>64515</law_id><section_number>8.4A-507</section_number><catch_line>Choice of law</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>8.1A-301</reference><reference>8.4A-501</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.4A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Funds Transfers</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="5">Miscellaneous Provisions</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> The following rules apply unless the affected parties otherwise agree or subsection (c) of this section applies: <a id="paragraph-234806" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> The rights and obligations between the sender of a payment <span class="dictionary">order</span> and the receiving bank are governed by the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> in which the receiving bank is located. <a id="paragraph-234807" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#a1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> The rights and obligations between the beneficiary&#x2019;s bank and the beneficiary are governed by the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> in which the beneficiary&#x2019;s bank is located. <a id="paragraph-234808" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#a2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> The <span class="dictionary">issue</span> of when payment is made pursuant to a <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> by the <span class="dictionary">originator</span> to the beneficiary is governed by the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> in which the beneficiary&#x2019;s bank is located. <a id="paragraph-234809" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#a3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> If the parties described in each subdivision of subsection (a) of this section have made an agreement selecting the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of a particular <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> to govern rights and obligations between each other, the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of that <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> governs those rights and obligations, whether or not the payment <span class="dictionary">order</span> or the <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> bears a reasonable relation to that <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span>. <a id="paragraph-234810" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="c"><p><span class="prefix-number">c.</span> A funds-transfer system rule may select the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of a particular <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> to govern (i) rights and obligations between participating banks with respect to payment <span class="dictionary">orders</span> transmitted or processed through the system, or (ii) the rights and obligations of some or all parties to a <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> any part of which is carried out by means of the system. A choice of <span class="dictionary">law</span> made pursuant to clause (i) of this subsection is binding on participating banks. A choice of <span class="dictionary">law</span> made pursuant to clause (ii) of this subsection is binding on the <span class="dictionary">originator</span>, other sender, or a receiving bank having notice that the funds-transfer system might be used in the <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> and of the choice of <span class="dictionary">law</span> by the system which the <span class="dictionary">originator</span>, other sender, or receiving bank issued or accepted a payment <span class="dictionary">order</span>. The beneficiary of a <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> is bound by the choice of <span class="dictionary">law</span> if, when the <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> is initiated, the beneficiary has notice that the <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> system might be used in the <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> and of the choice of <span class="dictionary">law</span> by the system. The <span class="dictionary">law</span> of a <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> selected pursuant to this subsection may govern, whether or not that <span class="dictionary">law</span> bears a reasonable relation to the matter in <span class="dictionary">issue</span>. <a id="paragraph-234811" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#c"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d"><p><span class="prefix-number">d.</span> In the event of inconsistency between an agreement under subsection (b) of this section, and a choice-of-<span class="dictionary">law</span> rule under subsection (c) of this section, the agreement under subsection (b) of this section prevails. <a id="paragraph-234812" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#d"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="e"><p><span class="prefix-number">e.</span> If a <span class="dictionary">funds transfer</span> is made by use of more than one funds-transfer system and there is inconsistency between choice-of-<span class="dictionary">law</span> rules of the systems, the matter in <span class="dictionary">issue</span> is governed by the <span class="dictionary">law</span> of the selected <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> that has the most significant relationship to the matter in <span class="dictionary">issue</span>. <a id="paragraph-234813" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.4A-507/#e"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1990, c. 9.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
