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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>58495</law_id><section_number>8.8A-203</section_number><catch_line>Staleness as notice of defect or defense</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.8A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Investment Securities</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="2">Issue and Issuer</unit></structure><text>
						<section><p>After an act or event, other than a call that has been revoked, creating a right to immediate performance of the principal obligation represented by a certificated security or setting a date on or after which the security is to be presented or surrendered for <span class="dictionary">redemption</span> or exchange, a purchaser is charged with notice of any defect in its <span class="dictionary">issue</span> or defense of the issuer, if the act or event:</p></section>
						<section id="1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> requires the payment of money, the delivery of a certificated security, the registration of transfer of an uncertificated security, or any of them on presentation or surrender of the security certificate, the money or security is available on the date set for payment or exchange, and the purchaser takes the security more than one year after that date; or <a id="paragraph-214376" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-203/#1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="2"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> is not covered by paragraph (1) and the purchaser takes the security more than two years after the date set for surrender or presentation or the date on which performance became due. <a id="paragraph-214377" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-203/#2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1996, c. 216.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
