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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>62491</law_id><section_number>8.9A-104</section_number><catch_line>Control of deposit account</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>8.9A-107.2</reference><reference>8.9A-203</reference><reference>8.9A-207</reference><reference>8.9A-208</reference><reference>8.9A-314</reference><reference>8.9A-327</reference><reference>8.9A-340</reference><reference>8.9A-342</reference><reference>8.9A-601</reference><reference>8.9A-607</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.9A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Secured Transactions</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="1">General Provisions</unit><unit label="subpart" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="1">Short Title, Definitions and General Concepts</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> Requirements for control. A secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> has control of a deposit account if: <a id="paragraph-227903" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> is the bank with which the deposit account is maintained; <a id="paragraph-227904" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#a1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> the debtor, secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, and bank have agreed in a signed record that the bank will comply with instructions originated by the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> directing <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> of the funds in the deposit account without further consent by the debtor; <a id="paragraph-227905" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#a2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> becomes the bank&#x2019;s customer with respect to the deposit account; or <a id="paragraph-227906" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#a3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> another person, other than the debtor: <a id="paragraph-227907" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#a4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> has control of the deposit account and acknowledges that it has control on behalf of the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>; or <a id="paragraph-227908" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> obtains control of the deposit account after having acknowledged that it will obtain control of the deposit account on behalf of the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>. <a id="paragraph-227909" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> Debtor&#x2019;s right to direct <span class="dictionary">disposition</span>. A secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> that has satisfied subsection (a) has control, even if the debtor retains the right to direct the <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> of funds from the deposit account. <a id="paragraph-227910" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-104/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2000, c. 1007; 2024, c. 652.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
