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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>57600</law_id><section_number>8.9A-310</section_number><catch_line>When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien; security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>8.9A-102</reference><reference>8.9A-308</reference><reference>8.9A-311</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.9A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Secured Transactions</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="3">Perfection and Priority</unit><unit label="subpart" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="2">Perfection</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> General rule; perfection by filing. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) and &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Perfection of security interests in chattel paper, controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, deposit accounts, documents, goods covered by documents, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, and money; perfection by permissive filing, temporary perfection without filing or transfer of possession" href="/8.9A-312/">8.9A-312</a> (b), a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural <span class="dictionary">liens</span>. <a id="paragraph-211056" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> Exceptions; filing not necessary. The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect a security interest: <a id="paragraph-211057" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> that is perfected under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected; continuity of perfection" href="/8.9A-308/">8.9A-308</a> (d), (e), (f), or (g); <a id="paragraph-211058" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> that is perfected under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Security interest perfected upon attachment" href="/8.9A-309/">8.9A-309</a> when it attaches; <a id="paragraph-211059" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> in property subject to a <span class="dictionary">statute</span>, regulation, or treaty described in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Perfection of security interests in property subject to certain statutes, regulations, and treaties" href="/8.9A-311/">8.9A-311</a> (a); <a id="paragraph-211060" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> in goods in <span class="dictionary">possession</span> of a bailee that is perfected under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Perfection of security interests in chattel paper, controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, deposit accounts, documents, goods covered by documents, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, and money; perfection by permissive filing, temporary perfection without filing or transfer of possession" href="/8.9A-312/">8.9A-312</a> (d) (1) or (2); <a id="paragraph-211061" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b5" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> in certificated securities, documents, goods, or instruments that is perfected without filing, control, or <span class="dictionary">possession</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Perfection of security interests in chattel paper, controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, deposit accounts, documents, goods covered by documents, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, and money; perfection by permissive filing, temporary perfection without filing or transfer of possession" href="/8.9A-312/">8.9A-312</a> (e), (f), or (g); <a id="paragraph-211062" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b6" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> in <span class="dictionary">collateral</span> in the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">possession</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="When possession by or delivery to secured party perfects security interest without filing" href="/8.9A-313/">8.9A-313</a>; <a id="paragraph-211063" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b7" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">7.</span> in a certificated security which is perfected by delivery of the security certificate to the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="When possession by or delivery to secured party perfects security interest without filing" href="/8.9A-313/">8.9A-313</a>; <a id="paragraph-211064" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b7"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b8" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">8.</span> in controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, controllable payment intangibles, deposit accounts, electronic documents, investment property, or letter-of-credit rights which is perfected by control under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Perfection by control" href="/8.9A-314/">8.9A-314</a>;
				(8.1) in chattel paper which is perfected by <span class="dictionary">possession</span> and control under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Perfection by possession and control of chattel paper" href="/8.9A-314.1/">8.9A-314.1</a>. <a id="paragraph-211065" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b8"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b9" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">9.</span> in proceeds which is perfected under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Secured party's rights on disposition of collateral and in proceeds" href="/8.9A-315/">8.9A-315</a>; or <a id="paragraph-211066" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b9"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b10" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">10.</span> that is perfected under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Effect of change in governing law" href="/8.9A-316/">8.9A-316</a>. <a id="paragraph-211067" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#b10"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="c"><p><span class="prefix-number">c.</span> Assignment of perfected security interest. If a secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> assigns a perfected security interest or agricultural <span class="dictionary">lien</span>, a filing under this title is not required to continue the perfected status of the security interest against <span class="dictionary">creditors</span> of and transferees from the original debtor. <a id="paragraph-211068" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-310/#c"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1964, c. 219, &#xA7; 8.9-302; 1966, c. 569; 1973, c. 509; 1983, cc. 204, 367; 1984, c. 613; 1996, c. 216; 2000, c. 1007; 2004, c. 200; 2024, c. 652.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
