<?xml version="1.0"?>
<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>62582</law_id><section_number>8.9A-320</section_number><catch_line>Buyer of goods</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>29.1-733.23</reference><reference>8.7-209</reference><reference>8.7-503</reference><reference>8.9A-317</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.9A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Secured Transactions</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="3">Perfection and Priority</unit><unit label="subpart" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="3">Priority</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> Buyer in ordinary course of business. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), a buyer in ordinary course of business, other than a person buying farm products from a person engaged in farming operations, takes free of a security interest created by the buyer&#x2019;s seller, even if the security interest is perfected and the buyer knows of its existence. <a id="paragraph-228207" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> Buyer of consumer goods. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), a buyer of goods from a person who used or bought the goods for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes takes free of a security interest, even if perfected, if the buyer buys: <a id="paragraph-228208" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> without knowledge of the security interest; <a id="paragraph-228209" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#b1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> for value; <a id="paragraph-228210" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#b2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> primarily for the buyer&#x2019;s personal, family, or household purposes; and <a id="paragraph-228211" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#b3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> before the filing of a financing statement covering the goods. <a id="paragraph-228212" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#b4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="c"><p><span class="prefix-number">c.</span> Effectiveness of filing for subsection (b). To the extent that it affects the priority of a security interest over a buyer of goods under subsection (b), the period of effectiveness of a filing made in the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> in which the seller is located is governed by subsections (a) and (b) of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Effect of change in governing law" href="/8.9A-316/">8.9A-316</a>. <a id="paragraph-228213" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#c"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d"><p><span class="prefix-number">d.</span> Buyer in ordinary course of business at wellhead or minehead. A buyer in ordinary course of business buying oil, gas, or other minerals at the wellhead or minehead or after extraction takes free of an interest arising out of an encumbrance. <a id="paragraph-228214" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#d"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="e"><p><span class="prefix-number">e.</span> Possessory security interest not affected. Subsections (a) and (b) do not affect a security interest in goods in the <span class="dictionary">possession</span> of the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="When possession by or delivery to secured party perfects security interest without filing" href="/8.9A-313/">8.9A-313</a>. <a id="paragraph-228215" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-320/#e"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7;&#xA7; 6-558, 55-146; 1956, c. 602; 1964, c. 219, &#xA7; 8.9-307; 1973, c. 509; 1986, c. 484; 1987, c. 657; 2000, c. 1007.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
