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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>67314</law_id><section_number>8.9A-404</section_number><catch_line>Rights acquired by assignee; claims and defenses against assignee</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>8.9A-109</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.9A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Secured Transactions</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="4">Rights of Third Parties</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> Assignee&#x2019;s rights subject to terms, claims, and defenses; exceptions. Unless an account debtor has made an enforceable agreement not to assert defenses or claims, and subject to subsections (b) through (e), the rights of an assignee are subject to: <a id="paragraph-243950" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-404/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> all terms of the agreement between the account debtor and assignor and any defense or claim in recoupment arising from the transaction that gave rise to the <span class="dictionary">contract</span>; and <a id="paragraph-243951" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-404/#a1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> any other defense or claim of the account debtor against the assignor which accrues before the account debtor receives a notification of the assignment signed by the assignor or the assignee. <a id="paragraph-243952" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-404/#a2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> Account debtor&#x2019;s claim reduces amount owed to assignee. Subject to subsection (c) and except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), the claim of an account debtor against an assignor may be asserted against an assignee under subsection (a) only to reduce the amount the account debtor owes. <a id="paragraph-243953" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-404/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="c"><p><span class="prefix-number">c.</span> Rule for individual under other <span class="dictionary">law</span>. This section is subject to <span class="dictionary">law</span> other than this title which establishes a different rule for an account debtor who is an individual and who incurred the obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. <a id="paragraph-243954" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-404/#c"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d"><p><span class="prefix-number">d.</span> Omission of required statement in consumer transaction. In a consumer transaction, if a record <span class="dictionary">evidences</span> the account debtor&#x2019;s obligation, <span class="dictionary">law</span> other than this title requires that the record include a statement to the effect that the account debtor&#x2019;s recovery against an assignee with respect to claims and defenses against the assignor may not exceed amounts paid by the account debtor under the record, and the record does not include such a statement, the extent to which a claim of an account debtor against the assignor may be asserted against an assignee is determined as if the record included such a statement. <a id="paragraph-243955" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-404/#d"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="e"><p><span class="prefix-number">e.</span> Inapplicability to health-care-insurance receivable. This section does not apply to an assignment of a health-care-insurance receivable. <a id="paragraph-243956" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-404/#e"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1964, c. 219, &#xA7; 8.9-318; 1973, c. 509; 2000, c. 1007; 2024, c. 652.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
