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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>63326</law_id><section_number>8.9A-615</section_number><catch_line>Application of proceeds of disposition; liability for deficiency and right to surplus</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><referred_to_by><reference>8.9A-602</reference><reference>8.9A-616</reference><reference>8.9A-623</reference><reference>8.9A-626</reference></referred_to_by><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="8.9A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Secured Transactions</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="6">Default</unit><unit label="subpart" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="1">Default and Enforcement of Security Interest</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> Application of proceeds. A secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> shall apply or pay over for application the cash proceeds of <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> under &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Disposition of collateral after default" href="/8.9A-610/">8.9A-610</a> in the following <span class="dictionary">order</span> to: <a id="paragraph-230747" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> the reasonable expenses of retaking, holding, preparing for <span class="dictionary">disposition</span>, processing, and disposing, and, to the extent provided for by agreement and not prohibited by <span class="dictionary">law</span>, reasonable attorney&#x2019;s fees and legal expenses incurred by the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>; <a id="paragraph-230748" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#a1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> the satisfaction of obligations secured by the security interest or agricultural <span class="dictionary">lien</span> under which the <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> is made; <a id="paragraph-230749" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#a2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="a3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> the satisfaction of obligations secured by any subordinate security interest in or other subordinate <span class="dictionary">lien</span> on the <span class="dictionary">collateral</span> if: <a id="paragraph-230750" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#a3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> receives from the holder of the subordinate security interest or other <span class="dictionary">lien</span> a signed demand for proceeds before distribution of the proceeds is completed; and <a id="paragraph-230751" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> in a case in which a consignor has an interest in the <span class="dictionary">collateral</span>, the subordinate security interest or other <span class="dictionary">lien</span> is senior to the interest of the consignor; and <a id="paragraph-230752" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> a secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> that is a consignor of the <span class="dictionary">collateral</span> if the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> receives from the consignor a signed demand for proceeds before distribution of the proceeds is completed. <a id="paragraph-230753" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#B4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> Proof of subordinate interest. If requested by a secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, a holder of a subordinate security interest or other <span class="dictionary">lien</span> shall furnish reasonable proof of the interest or <span class="dictionary">lien</span> within a reasonable time. Unless the holder does so, the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> need not comply with the holder&#x2019;s demand under subsection (a) (3). <a id="paragraph-230754" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="c"><p><span class="prefix-number">c.</span> Application of noncash proceeds. A secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> need not apply or pay over for application noncash proceeds of <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> under &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Disposition of collateral after default" href="/8.9A-610/">8.9A-610</a> unless the failure to do so would be commercially unreasonable. A secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> that applies or pays over for application noncash proceeds shall do so in a commercially reasonable manner. <a id="paragraph-230755" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#c"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d"><p><span class="prefix-number">d.</span> Surplus or deficiency if obligation secured. If the security interest under which a <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> is made secures payment or performance of an obligation, after making the payments and applications required by subsection (a) and permitted by subsection (c): <a id="paragraph-230756" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#d"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> unless subsection (a) (4) requires the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> to apply or pay over cash proceeds to a consignor, the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span> shall account to and pay a debtor for any surplus; and <a id="paragraph-230757" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#d1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> the obligor is liable for any deficiency. <a id="paragraph-230758" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#d2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="e"><p><span class="prefix-number">e.</span> No surplus or deficiency in sales of certain rights to payment. If the underlying transaction is a sale of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes: <a id="paragraph-230759" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#e"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="e1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> the debtor is not entitled to any surplus; and <a id="paragraph-230760" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#e1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="e2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> the obligor is not liable for any deficiency. <a id="paragraph-230761" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#e2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="f"><p><span class="prefix-number">f.</span> Calculation of surplus or deficiency in <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> to person related to secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>. The surplus or deficiency following a <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> is calculated based on the amount of proceeds that would have been realized in a <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> complying with this part to a transferee other than the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, a person related to the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, or a secondary obligor if: <a id="paragraph-230762" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#f"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="f1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> the transferee in the <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> is the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, a person related to the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, or a secondary obligor; and <a id="paragraph-230763" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#f1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="f2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> the amount of proceeds of the <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> is significantly below the range of proceeds that a complying <span class="dictionary">disposition</span> to a person other than the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, a person related to the secured <span class="dictionary">party</span>, or a secondary obligor would have brought. <a id="paragraph-230764" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.9A-615/#f2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1964, c. 219, &#xA7; 8.9-504; 1973, c. 509; 2000, c. 1007; 2024, c. 652.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
