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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>67420</law_id><section_number>9.1-149</section_number><catch_line>Unlicensed activity prohibited; penalty</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2025/" slug="2025" current="TRUE" last_updated="">2025</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="1" identifier="9.1">Commonwealth Public Safety</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="1" identifier="1">Department of Criminal Justice Services</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="1" identifier="4">Private Security Services Businesses</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> No person: <a id="paragraph-244265" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Required to possess a <span class="dictionary">registration</span> under subsection C of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Licensing, certification, and registration required; qualifications; temporary licenses" href="/9.1-139/">9.1-139</a> shall be <span class="dictionary">employed</span> by a <span class="dictionary">private security services business</span>, except as provided in this article, as <span class="dictionary">armored car personnel</span>, <span class="dictionary">courier</span>, <span class="dictionary">armed security officer</span>, <span class="dictionary">security canine handler</span>, <span class="dictionary">personal protection specialist</span>, <span class="dictionary">private investigator</span>, <span class="dictionary">alarm respondent</span>, <span class="dictionary">central station dispatcher</span>, <span class="dictionary">electronic security sales representative</span> or <span class="dictionary">electronic security technician</span> without possessing a valid <span class="dictionary">registration</span>. <a id="paragraph-244266" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#A1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Licensed or required to be licensed under subsection A of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Licensing, certification, and registration required; qualifications; temporary licenses" href="/9.1-139/">9.1-139</a> shall employ or otherwise utilize, except as provided in this article, as <span class="dictionary">armored car personnel</span>, <span class="dictionary">courier</span>, <span class="dictionary">armed security officer</span>, <span class="dictionary">security canine handler</span>, <span class="dictionary">personal protection specialist</span>, <span class="dictionary">private investigator</span>, <span class="dictionary">alarm respondent</span>, <span class="dictionary">central station dispatcher</span>, <span class="dictionary">electronic security sales representative</span> or <span class="dictionary">electronic security technician</span>, any person not possessing a valid <span class="dictionary">registration</span>. <a id="paragraph-244267" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#A2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> Required to possess an instructor <span class="dictionary">certification</span> under subsection D of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Licensing, certification, and registration required; qualifications; temporary licenses" href="/9.1-139/">9.1-139</a> shall provide mandated instruction, except as provided in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Powers of Board relating to private security services business" href="/9.1-141/">9.1-141</a> and <span class="dictionary">Board</span> regulations, without possessing a valid private security instructor <span class="dictionary">certification</span>. <a id="paragraph-244268" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#A3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="A4" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> Certified or required to be certified as a <span class="dictionary">private security services training school</span> under subsection B of &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Licensing, certification, and registration required; qualifications; temporary licenses" href="/9.1-139/">9.1-139</a> shall employ or otherwise utilize, except as provided in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Powers of Board relating to private security services business" href="/9.1-141/">9.1-141</a> and <span class="dictionary">Board</span> regulations, as a private security instructor, any person not possessing a valid instructor <span class="dictionary">certification</span>. <a id="paragraph-244269" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#A4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> No <span class="dictionary">compliance agent</span> <span class="dictionary">employed</span> or otherwise utilized by a person licensed or required to be licensed under subsection A of &#xA7;&#xA0;<a class="law" title="Licensing, certification, and registration required; qualifications; temporary licenses" href="/9.1-139/">9.1-139</a> shall: <a id="paragraph-244270" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> Employ or otherwise utilize as an <span class="dictionary">unarmed security officer</span>, except as provided in this article, any individual for whom the <span class="dictionary">compliance agent</span> does not possess documentary <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> of compliance with, or exemption from, the compulsory minimum training standards established by the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> for <span class="dictionary">unarmed security officers</span> and before January 1, 2003, maintain documentary <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> that an investigation to determine suitability has been conducted. <a id="paragraph-244271" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> Employ or otherwise utilize as an <span class="dictionary">electronic security technician</span>&#x2019;s assistant, except as provided in this article, any individual for whom the <span class="dictionary">compliance agent</span> does not possess documentary <span class="dictionary">evidence</span> of compliance with, or exemption from, the compulsory minimum training standards established by the <span class="dictionary">Board</span> for <span class="dictionary">electronic security technician</span>&#x2019;s assistants. <a id="paragraph-244272" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> Any person convicted of a violation of subsections A or B shall be guilty of a Class 1 <span class="dictionary">misdemeanor</span>. <a id="paragraph-244273" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/9.1-149/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1976, c. 737, &#xA7; 54-729.34; 1980, c. 425, &#xA7; 54.1-1908; 1988, cc. 48, 765; 1992, c. 578, &#xA7; 9-183.9; 1994, cc. 45, 810; 1995, c. 79; 1998, cc. 122, 807; 2001, c. 844; 2002, cc. 578, 597.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
