                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

AUTHORITY OF COURT TO ORDER PAYMENT OF FINE, COSTS, FORFEITURES, PENALTIES OR
RESTITUTION IN INSTALLMENTS OR UPON OTHER TERMS AND CONDITIONS; COMMUNITY WORK
IN LIEU OF PAYMENT (§ 19.2-354)

A. Any defendant convicted of a traffic infraction or a violation of any
criminal law of the Commonwealth or of any political subdivision thereof, or
found not innocent in the case of a juvenile, who is sentenced to pay a fine,
restitution, forfeiture, or penalty may pay such fine, restitution, forfeiture,
or penalty and any costs that the defendant may be required to pay in deferred
payments or installments. The court assessing the fine, restitution, forfeiture,
or penalty and costs shall authorize the clerk to establish and approve
individual deferred or installment payment agreements. If the defendant owes
court-ordered restitution and enters into a deferred or installment payment
agreement, any moneys collected pursuant to such agreement shall be used first
to satisfy such restitution order and any collection costs associated with
restitution prior to being used to satisfy any other fine, forfeiture, penalty,
or cost owed, unless an order for restitution is docketed in the name of the
victim or it is ordered that an assignment of the judgment to the victim be
docketed. Any payment agreement authorized under this section shall be
consistent with the provisions of &#xA7; 19.2-354.1. The requirements set forth
in &#xA7; 19.2-354.1 shall be posted in the clerk&#8217;s office and on the
court&#8217;s website, if a website is available. As a condition of every such
agreement, a defendant who enters into an installment or deferred payment
agreement shall promptly inform the court of any change of mailing address
during the term of the agreement. If the defendant is unable to make payment
within 90 days of sentencing, the court may assess a one-time fee not to exceed
$10 to cover the costs of management of the defendant&#8217;s account until such
account is paid in full. This one-time fee shall not apply to cases in which
costs are assessed pursuant to &#xA7; 17.1-275.1, 17.1-275.2, 17.1-275.3,
17.1-275.4, 17.1-275.7, 17.1-275.8, or 17.1-275.9. Installment or deferred
payment agreements shall include terms for payment if the defendant participates
in a program as provided in subsection B or C. The court, if such sum or sums
are not paid in full by the date ordered, shall proceed in accordance with
&#xA7; 19.2-358.

B. When a person sentenced to the Department of Corrections or a local
correctional facility owes any fines, costs, forfeitures, restitution, or
penalties, he shall be required as a condition of participating in any work
release, home/electronic incarceration, or nonconsecutive days program as set
forth in § 53.1-60, 53.1-131, 53.1-131.1, or 53.1-131.2 to either make full
payment or make payments in accordance with his installment or deferred payment
agreement while participating in such program. If, after the person has an
installment or deferred payment agreement, the person fails to pay as ordered,
his participation in the program may be terminated until all fines, costs,
forfeitures, restitution, and penalties are satisfied. The Director of the
Department of Corrections and any sheriff or other administrative head of any
local correctional facility shall withhold such ordered payments from any
amounts due to such person. Distribution of the moneys collected shall be made
in the following order of priority to:

   1. Meet the obligation of any judicial or administrative order to provide
   support and such funds shall be disbursed according to the terms of such
   order;

   2. Pay any restitution as ordered by the court;

   3. Pay any fines or costs as ordered by the court;

   4. Pay travel and other such expenses made necessary by his work release
   employment or participation in an education or rehabilitative program,
   including the sums specified in &#xA7; 53.1-150; and

   5. Defray the offender&#8217;s keep.
   				The balance shall be credited to the offender&#8217;s account or sent to
   his family in an amount the offender so chooses.
   				The State Board of Local and Regional Jails shall promulgate regulations
   governing the receipt of wages paid to persons sentenced to local correctional
   facilities participating in such programs, the withholding of payments, and
   the disbursement of appropriate funds. The Director of the Department of
   Corrections shall prescribe rules governing the receipt of wages paid to
   persons sentenced to state correctional facilities participating in such
   programs, the withholding of payments, and the disbursement of appropriate
   funds.

C. The court shall establish a program and may provide an option to any person
upon whom a fine and costs have been imposed to discharge all or part of the
fine or costs by earning credits for the performance of community service work
(i) before or after imprisonment or (ii) in accordance with the provisions of
&#xA7; 19.2-316.4, 53.1-59, 53.1-60, 53.1-128, 53.1-129, or 53.1-131 during
imprisonment. The program shall specify the rate at which credits are earned and
provide for the manner of applying earned credits against the fine or costs. The
court assessing the fine or costs against a person shall inform such person of
the availability of earning credit toward discharge of the fine or costs through
the performance of community service work under this program and provide such
person with written notice of terms and conditions of this program. The court
shall have such other authority as is reasonably necessary for or incidental to
carrying out this program.

D. When the court has authorized deferred payment or installment payments, the
clerk shall give notice to the defendant that upon his failure to pay as ordered
he may be fined or imprisoned pursuant to &#xA7; 19.2-358.

E. The failure of the defendant to enter into a deferred payment or installment
payment agreement with the court or the failure of the defendant to make
payments as ordered by the agreement shall allow the Tax Commissioner to act in
accordance with &#xA7; 19.2-349 to collect all fines, costs, forfeitures, and
penalties.

HISTORY: Code 1950, § 19.1-347.1; 1971 Ex. Sess., c. 250; 1975, c. 495; 1977,
c. 585; 1982, c. 244; 1984, c. 32; 1986, c. 230; 1988, cc. 770, 852; 1994, cc.
841, 945; 1995, cc. 380, 441; 1996, c. 273; 1998, c. 831; 1999, c. 9; 2001, c.
414; 2002, c. 831; 2009, c. 741; 2012, c. 615; 2015, c. 265; 2016, c. 282; 2017,
cc. 757, 802, 806; 2018, c. 61; 2020, cc. 25, 188, 759, 964, 965; 2021, Sp.
Sess. I, cc. 190, 388, 393.