                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

PLACING NAZI SYMBOL OR EMBLEM ON CERTAIN PROPERTY WITH INTENT TO INTIMIDATE;
PENALTY; PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF INTENT (§ 18.2-423.1)

A. It is unlawful for any person or persons, with the intent of intimidating
another person or group of persons, to place or cause to be placed a Hakenkreuz,
hooked cross, or Nazi symbol or emblem, sometimes referred to as the Nazi
swastika, on (i) any church, synagogue, or other building or place used for
religious worship; (ii) any school, educational facility, or community center
owned or operated by a church or religious body; or (iii) the private property
of another without permission.

B. It is unlawful for any person or persons, with the intent of intimidating
another person or group of persons, to place or cause to be placed a Hakenkreuz,
hooked cross, or Nazi symbol or emblem, sometimes referred to as the Nazi
swastika, on a highway or other public place in a manner having a direct
tendency to place another person in reasonable fear or apprehension of death or
bodily injury.

C. A violation of this section is punishable as a Class 6 felony.

D. For the purposes of this section, any such placing of a Hakenkreuz, hooked
cross, or Nazi symbol or emblem, sometimes referred to as the Nazi swastika,
shall be prima facie evidence of an intent to intimidate another person or group
of persons. However, these terms do not include and are distinct from the sacred
swastika word and symbol of peace and prosperity used by Hinduism, Buddhism,
Jainism, Zoroastrianism, or Native American religions.

HISTORY: 1983, c. 337; 2025, c. 673.