                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

DEFINITIONS (§ 25.1-400)

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:
		&#8220;Business&#8221; means any lawful activity, except a farm operation,
conducted primarily:

1. For the purchase, sale, lease and rental of personal and of real property,
and for the manufacture, processing, or marketing of products, commodities, or
any other personal property;

2. For the sale of services to the public;

3. By a nonprofit organization; or

4. Solely for the purposes of &#xA7; 25.1-406, for assisting in the purchase,
sale, resale, manufacture, processing, or marketing of products, commodities,
personal property, or services by the erection and maintenance of an outdoor
advertising display or displays, whether or not such display or displays are
located on the premises on which any of the above activities are conducted.
			&#8220;Comparable replacement dwelling&#8221; means any dwelling that is (i)
decent, safe and sanitary; (ii) adequate in size to accommodate the occupants;
(iii) within the financial means of the displaced person; (iv) functionally
equivalent; (v) in an area not subject to unreasonable adverse environmental
conditions; and (vi) in a location generally not less desirable than the
location of the displaced person&#8217;s dwelling with respect to public
utilities, facilities, services and the displaced person&#8217;s place of
employment.
			&#8220;Decent, safe, and sanitary dwelling&#8221; means a dwelling that:

1. Is structurally sound, weather tight and in good repair;

2. Has a safe electrical wiring system adequate for lighting and appliances;

3. Contains a heating system capable of maintaining a healthful temperature;

4. Is adequate in size with respect to the number of rooms and area of living
space needed to accommodate the displaced household;

5. Has a separate, well-lighted and ventilated bathroom that provides privacy to
the user and contains sink, toilet, and bathing facilities (shower or bath, or
both), all operational and connected to a functional water and sewer disposal
system;

6. Provides unobstructed egress to safe open space at ground level. If the unit
is above the first floor and served by a common corridor, there must be two
means of egress; and

7. Is free of barriers to egress, ingress, and use by a displaced person with a
disability.
			&#8220;Displaced person&#8221; means:

1. Any person who moves from real property, or moves his personal property from
real property (i) as a direct result of a written notice of intent to acquire or
the acquisition of such real property, in whole or in part, for any program or
project undertaken by a state agency or (ii) on which such person is a
residential tenant or conducts a small business, a farm operation or a business
described in clause 4 of the definition of &#8220;business&#8221; in this
section as a direct result of rehabilitation, demolition, or other displacing
activity as the state agency may prescribe, under a program or project
undertaken by the state agency in any case in which the state agency determines
that such displacement is permanent;

2. Solely for the purposes of &#xA7;&#xA7; 25.1-406, 25.1-407, and 25.1-411, any
person who moves from real property, or moves his personal property from real
property: (i) as a direct result of a written notice of intent to acquire or the
acquisition of other real property, in whole or in part, on which such person
conducts a business or farm operation, for a program or project undertaken by a
state agency or (ii) as a direct result of rehabilitation, demolition, or other
displacing activity as the state agency may prescribe, of other real property on
which such person conducts a business or farm operation, under a program or
project undertaken by the state agency in any case in which the state agency
determines that such displacement is permanent; and

3. Any person who moves or discontinues his business or moves other personal
property, or moves from his dwelling, as the direct result of (i) federally
assisted activities for the enforcement of a building code or other similar code
or (ii) a program of rehabilitation or demolition of buildings conducted
pursuant to a federally assisted governmental program.
			The term &#8220;displaced person&#8221; does not include (i) a person who has
been determined, according to criteria established by the state agency, to be
either in unlawful occupancy of the displacement dwelling or to have occupied
such dwelling for the purpose of obtaining assistance under this chapter or (ii)
in any case where the state agency acquires property for a program or project,
any person, other than a person who was an occupant of the property at the time
it was acquired, who occupies such property on a rental basis for a short term
or a period subject to termination when the property is needed for the program
or project.
			&#8220;Dwelling&#8221; means the place of permanent or customary and usual
residence of a person, according to local custom or law, including a
single-family house, a single family unit in a two-family, multi-family, or
multi-purpose property; a unit of a condominium or cooperative housing project;
a nonhousekeeping unit; a mobile home; or any other residential unit.
			&#8220;Farm operation&#8221; means any activity conducted solely or primarily
for the production of one or more agricultural products or commodities,
including timber, for sale or home use, and customarily producing such products
or commodities in sufficient quantity to be capable of contributing materially
to the operator&#8217;s support.
			&#8220;Mortgage&#8221; means such classes of liens as are commonly given to
secure advances on, or the unpaid purchase price of, real property, together
with the credit instruments, if any, secured thereby.
			&#8220;Nonprofit organization&#8221; means an organization that is exempt
from paying federal income taxes under &#xA7; 501 of the Internal Revenue Code
(26 U.S.C. &#xA7; 501).
			&#8220;Person&#8221; means any (i) individual or (ii) partnership,
corporation, limited liability company, association, or other business entity.
			&#8220;Uneconomic remnant&#8221; means a parcel of real property in which the
owner is left with an interest after the partial acquisition of the
owner&#8217;s property and which the state agency has determined has little or
no value or utility to the owner.

HISTORY: Code 1950, §§ 33-75.02, 33.1-132.2; 1970, c. 40, § 25-238; 1972, c.
738; 1989, c. 714; 2000, c. 851; 2002, c. 878; 2003, c. 940; 2011, cc. 117, 190;
2023, cc. 148, 149.