                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

OBLIGATION OF ENDORSER (§ 8.3A-415)

a. Subject to subsections (b), (c), and (d) and to &#xA7; 8.3A-419 (d), if an
instrument is dishonored, an endorser is obliged to pay the amount due on the
instrument (i) according to the terms of the instrument at the time it was
endorsed, or (ii) if the endorser endorsed an incomplete instrument, according
to its terms when completed, to the extent stated in &#xA7;&#xA7; 8.3A-115 and
8.3A-407. The obligation of the endorser is owed to a person entitled to enforce
the instrument or to a subsequent endorser who paid the instrument under this
section.

b. If an endorsement states that it is made &#8220;without recourse&#8221; or
otherwise disclaims liability of the endorser, the endorser is not liable under
subsection (a) to pay the instrument.

c. If notice of dishonor of an instrument is required by &#xA7; 8.3A-503 and
notice of dishonor complying with that section is not given to an endorser, the
liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.

d. If a draft is accepted by a bank after an endorsement is made, the liability
of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.

e. If an endorser of a check is liable under subsection (a) and the check is not
presented for payment, or given to a depositary bank for collection, within
thirty days after the day the endorsement was made, the liability of the
endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.

HISTORY: Code 1950, §§ 6-390, 6-418 through 6-420, 6-471, 6-496, 6-497, 6-503,
6-505, 6-539, 6-541 through 6-543; 1964, c. 219, §§ 8.3-411, 8.3-414, 8.3-501,
8.3-502; 1992, c. 693.