                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

COMBINATIONS TO INJURE OTHERS IN THEIR REPUTATION, TRADE, BUSINESS OR
PROFESSION; RIGHTS OF EMPLOYEES (§ 18.2-499)

A. Any two or more persons who combine, associate, agree, mutually undertake or
concert together for the purpose of (i) willfully and maliciously injuring
another in his reputation, trade, business or profession by any means whatever
or (ii) willfully and maliciously compelling another to do or perform any act
against his will, or preventing or hindering another from doing or performing
any lawful act, shall be jointly and severally guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.
Such punishment shall be in addition to any civil relief recoverable under
&#xA7; 18.2-500.

B. Any person who attempts to procure the participation, cooperation, agreement
or other assistance of any one or more persons to enter into any combination,
association, agreement, mutual understanding or concert prohibited in subsection
A of this section shall be guilty of a violation of this section and subject to
the same penalties set out in subsection A.

C. This section shall not affect the right of employees lawfully to organize and
bargain concerning wages and conditions of employment, and take other steps to
protect their rights as provided under state and federal laws.

HISTORY: Code 1950, § 18.1-74.1:1; 1964, c. 623; 1972, c. 469; 1975, cc. 14,
15; 1994, c. 534.