                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

PERSONS HAVING DEFECTIVE VISION; MINIMUM STANDARDS OF VISUAL ACUITY AND FIELD OF
VISION; TESTS OF VISION (§ 46.2-311)

A. The Department shall not issue a driver&#8217;s license or learner&#8217;s
permit (i) to any person unless he demonstrates a visual acuity of at least
20/40 in one or both eyes with or without corrective lenses or (ii) to any such
person unless he demonstrates at least a field of 110 degrees of horizontal
vision in one or both eyes or a comparable measurement that demonstrates a
visual field within this range. However, a license permitting the driving of
motor vehicles during a period beginning one-half hour after sunrise and ending
one-half hour before sunset, may be issued to a person who demonstrates a visual
acuity of at least 20/70 in one or both eyes without or with corrective lenses
provided he demonstrates at least a field of 70 degrees of horizontal vision or
a comparable measurement that demonstrates a visual field within this range, and
further provided that if such person has vision in one eye only, he demonstrates
at least a field of 40 degrees temporal and 30 degrees nasal horizontal vision
or a comparable measurement that demonstrates a visual field within this range.

B. The Department shall not issue a driver&#8217;s license or learner&#8217;s
permit to any person authorizing the driving of a commercial motor vehicle as
defined in the Virginia Commercial Driver&#8217;s License Act (&#xA7; 46.2-341.1
et seq.) unless he demonstrates a visual acuity of at least 20/40 in each eye
and at least a field of 140 degrees of horizontal vision or a comparable
measurement that demonstrates a visual field within this range.

C. Every person applying to renew a driver&#8217;s license and required to be
reexamined as a prerequisite to the renewal of the license, shall:

   1. Appear before a license examiner of the Department to demonstrate his
   visual acuity and horizontal field of vision, or

   2. Accompany his application with a report of such examination made within 90
   days prior thereto by an ophthalmologist or optometrist.

D. The test of horizontal visual fields made by license examiners of the
Department shall be performed at thirty-three and one-third centimeters with a
10 millimeter round white test object or may, at the discretion of the
Commissioner, be performed with electronic or other devices designed for the
purpose of testing visual acuity and horizontal field of vision. The report of
examination of visual acuity and horizontal field of vision made by an
ophthalmologist or optometrist shall have precedence over an examination made by
a license examiner of the Department in administrative determination as to the
issuance of a license to drive. Any such report may, in the discretion of the
Commissioner, be referred to a medical advisory board or to the State Health
Commissioner for evaluation.

E. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection B of this section, any person
who is licensed to drive any motor vehicle may, on special application to the
Department, be licensed to drive any vehicle, provided the operation of the
vehicle would not unduly endanger the public safety, as determined by the
Commissioner.
			The Commissioner may waive the vision requirements of subsection B for any
commercial driver&#8217;s license applicant who either (i) is subject to the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations but is exempt from the vision standards
of 49 C.F.R. Part 391 or (ii) is not required to meet the vision standards
specified in 49 C.F.R. &#xA7; 391.41 of the regulations.
			In order to determine whether such a waiver would unduly endanger the public
safety, the Commissioner shall require such commercial driver&#8217;s license
applicant to submit a special waiver application and to provide all medical
information relating to his vision that may be requested by the Department. The
Department may require such commercial driver&#8217;s license applicant to take
a road test administered by the Department before determining whether to grant a
waiver. If a waiver is granted, the Department may subject the applicant&#8217;s
use of a commercial motor vehicle to reasonable restrictions, which shall be
noted on the commercial driver&#8217;s license. If a waiver is granted, the
Department may also limit the validity period of the commercial driver&#8217;s
license, and the expiration date shall be noted on the commercial driver&#8217;s
license.

HISTORY: 1968, c. 642, § 46.1-357.2; 1972, c. 502; 1980, c. 118; 1981, c. 194;
1984, c. 780; 1989, cc. 705, 727; 2010, c. 18; 2013, cc. 165, 582; 2017, cc.
121, 279.