                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

CONFIDENTIALITY OF TENANT RECORDS (§ 55.1-1209)

A. No landlord or managing agent shall release information about a tenant or
prospective tenant in the possession of the landlord or managing agent to a
third party unless:

   1. The tenant or prospective tenant has given prior written consent;

   2. The information is a matter of public record as defined in &#xA7; 2.2-3701;

   3. The information is a summary of the tenant&#8217;s rent payment record,
   including the amount of the tenant&#8217;s periodic rent payment;

   4. The information is a copy of a material noncompliance notice that has not
   been remedied or a termination notice given to the tenant under &#xA7;
   55.1-1245 and the tenant did not remain in the premises after such notice was
   given;

   5. The information is requested by a local, state, or federal law-enforcement
   or public safety official in the performance of his duties;

   6. The information is requested pursuant to a subpoena in a civil case;

   7. The information is requested by a local commissioner of the revenue in
   accordance with &#xA7; 58.1-3901;

   8. The information is requested by a contract purchaser of the
   landlord&#8217;s property, provided that the contract purchaser agrees in
   writing to maintain the confidentiality of such information;

   9. The information is requested by a lender of the landlord for financing or
   refinancing of the property;

   10. The information is requested by the commanding officer, military housing
   officer, or military attorney of the tenant;

   11. The third party is the landlord&#8217;s attorney or the landlord&#8217;s
   collection agency;

   12. The information is otherwise provided in the case of an emergency;

   13. The information is requested by the landlord to be provided to the
   managing agent or a successor to the managing agent; or

   14. The information is requested by an employee or independent contractor of
   the United States to obtain census information pursuant to federal law.

B. Any information received by a landlord pursuant to &#xA7; 55.1-1203 shall
remain a confidential tenant record and shall not be released to any person
except in response to a subpoena.

C. A tenant may designate a third party to receive duplicate copies of a summons
that has been issued pursuant to &#xA7; 8.01-126 and of written notices from the
landlord relating to the tenancy. Where such a third party has been designated
by the tenant, the landlord shall mail the duplicate copy of any summons issued
pursuant to &#xA7; 8.01-126 or notice to the designated third party at the same
time the summons or notice is mailed to or served upon the tenant. Nothing in
this subsection shall be construed to grant standing to any third party
designated by the tenant to challenge actions of the landlord in which notice
was mailed pursuant to this subsection. The failure of the landlord to give
notice to a third party designated by the tenant shall not affect the validity
of any judgment entered against the tenant.

D. A landlord or managing agent may enter into an agreement with a third-party
service provider to maintain tenant records in electronic form or other medium.
In such case, the landlord and managing agent shall not be liable under this
section in the event of a breach of the electronic data of such third-party
service provider, except in the case of gross negligence or intentional act.
Nothing in this section shall be construed to require a landlord or managing
agent to indemnify such third-party service provider.

E. A tenant may request a copy of his tenant records in paper or electronic
form. If the rental agreement so provides, a landlord may charge a tenant
requesting more than one copy of his records the actual costs of preparing
copies of such records. However, if the landlord makes available tenant records
to each tenant by electronic portal, the tenant shall not be required to pay for
access to such portal.

HISTORY: 1985, c. 567, § 55-248.9:1; 2000, c. 760; 2003, c. 426; 2006, cc. 491,
667; 2008, c. 489; 2010, c. 550; 2015, c. 596; 2016, c. 744; 2018, c. 221; 2019,
c. 712; 2020, c. 388.